Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1

NameCytochrome c oxidase subunit 1
Synonyms
  • 1.9.3.1
  • COI
  • COXI
  • Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide I
  • MTCO1
Gene NameMT-CO1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010093|Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1
MFADRWLFSTNHKDIGTLYLLFGAWAGVLGTALSLLIRAELGQPGNLLGNDHIYNVIVTA
HAFVMIFFMVMPIMIGGFGNWLVPLMIGAPDMAFPRMNNMSFWLLPPSLLLLLASAMVEA
GAGTGWTVYPPLAGNYSHPGASVDLTIFSLHLAGVSSILGAINFITTIINMKPPAMTQYQ
TPLFVWSVLITAVLLLLSLPVLAAGITMLLTDRNLNTTFFDPAGGGDPILYQHLFWFFGH
PEVYILILPGFGMISHIVTYYSGKKEPFGYMGMVWAMMSIGFLGFIVWAHHMFTVGMDVD
TRAYFTSATMIIAIPTGVKVFSWLATLHGSNMKWSAAVLWALGFIFLFTVGGLTGIVLAN
SSLDIVLHDTYYVVAHFHYVLSMGAVFAIMGGFIHWFPLFSGYTLDQTYAKIHFTIMFIG
VNLTFFPQHFLGLSGMPRRYSDYPDAYTTWNILSSVGSFISLTAVMLMIFMIWEAFASKR
KVLMVEEPSMNLEWLYGCPPPYHTFEEPVYMKS
Number of residues513
Molecular Weight57040.91
Theoretical pI6.7
GO Classification
Functions
  • iron ion binding
  • heme binding
  • cytochrome-c oxidase activity
Processes
  • cellular metabolic process
  • respiratory electron transport chain
  • cerebellum development
  • aging
  • response to copper ion
  • hydrogen ion transmembrane transport
  • oxidative phosphorylation
  • response to electrical stimulus
  • response to oxidative stress
  • aerobic respiration
  • gene expression
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Components
  • mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV
  • respiratory chain complex IV
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • integral component of membrane
General FunctionIron ion binding
Specific FunctionCytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. CO I is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via the copper A center of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the bimetallic center formed by heme A3 and copper B.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions20-42 57-79 100-122 147-169 182-204 236-258 271-293 303-325 337-359 374-396 409-431 451-473
GenBank Protein ID13006
UniProtKB IDP00395
UniProtKB Entry NameCOX1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationMitochondrion inner membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010094|Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (MT-CO1)
ATGTTCGCCGACCGTTGACTATTCTCTACAAACCACAAAGACATTGGAACACTATACCTA
TTATTCGGCGCATGAGCTGGAGTCCTAGGCACAGCTCTAAGCCTCCTTATTCGAGCCGAG
CTGGGCCAGCCAGGCAACCTTCTAGGTAACGACCACATCTACAACGTTATCGTCACAGCC
CATGCATTTGTAATAATCTTCTTCATAGTAATACCCATCATAATCGGAGGCTTTGGCAAC
TGACTAGTTCCCCTAATAATCGGTGCCCCCGATATGGCGTTTCCCCGCATAAACAACATA
AGCTTCTGACTCTTACCTCCCTCTCTCCTACTCCTGCTCGCATCTGCTATAGTGGAGGCC
GGAGCAGGAACAGGTTGAACAGTCTACCCTCCCTTAGCAGGGAACTACTCCCACCCTGGA
GCCTCCGTAGACCTAACCATCTTCTCCTTACACCTAGCAGGTGTCTCCTCTATCTTAGGG
GCCATCAATTTCATCACAACAATTATCAATATAAAACCCCCTGCCATAACCCAATACCAA
ACGCCCCTCTTCGTCTGATCCGTCCTAATCACAGCAGTCCTACTTCTCCTATCTCTCCCA
GTCCTAGCTGCTGGCATCACTATACTACTAACAGACCGCAACCTCAACACCACCTTCTTC
GACCCCGCCGGAGGAGGAGACCCCATTCTATACCAACACCTATTCTGATTTTTCGGTCAC
CCTGAAGTTTATATTCTTATCCTACCAGGCTTCGGAATAATCTCCCATATTGTAACTTAC
TACTCCGGAAAAAAAGAACCATTTGGATACATAGGTATGGTCTGAGCTATGATATCAATT
GGCTTCCTAGGGTTTATCGTGTGAGCACACCATATATTTACAGTAGGAATAGACGTAGAC
ACACGAGCATATTTCACCTCCGCTACCATAATCATCGCTATCCCCACCGGCGTCAAAGTA
TTTAGCTGACTCGCCACACTCCACGGAAGCAATATGAAATGATCTGCTGCAGTGCTCTGA
GCCCTAGGATTCATCTTTCTTTTCACCGTAGGTGGCCTGACTGGCATTGTATTAGCAAAC
TCATCACTAGACATCGTACTACACGACACGTACTACGTTGTAGCCCACTTCCACTATGTC
CTATCAATAGGAGCTGTATTTGCCATCATAGGAGGCTTCATTCACTGATTTCCCCTATTC
TCAGGCTACACCCTAGACCAAACCTACGCCAAAATCCATTTCACTATCATATTCATCGGC
GTAAATCTAACTTTCTTCCCACAACACTTTCTCGGCCTATCCGGAATGCCCCGACGTTAC
TCGGACTACCCCGATGCATACACCACATGAAACATCCTATCATCTGTAGGCTCATTCATT
TCTCTAACAGCAGTAATATTAATAATTTTCATGATTTGAGAAGCCTTCGCTTCGAAGCGA
AAAGTCCTAATAGTAGAAGAACCCTCCATAAACCTGGAGTGACTATATGGATGCCCCCCA
CCCTACCACACATTCGAAGAACCCGTATACATAAAATCTAGA
GenBank Gene IDV00662
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDMT-CO1
HGNC IDHGNC:7419
Chromosome LocationNot Available
Locus-
References
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  2. Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N: Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532-6. 7530363
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  8. Pandya A, Xia XJ, Erdenetungalag R, Amendola M, Landa B, Radnaabazar J, Dangaasuren B, Van Tuyle G, Nance WE: Heterogenous point mutations in the mitochondrial tRNA Ser(UCN) precursor coexisting with the A1555G mutation in deaf students from Mongolia. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Dec;65(6):1803-6. 10577941
  9. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8. 25944712
  10. Marzuki S, Noer AS, Lertrit P, Thyagarajan D, Kapsa R, Utthanaphol P, Byrne E: Normal variants of human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;88(2):139-45. 1757091
  11. Brown MD, Yang CC, Trounce I, Torroni A, Lott MT, Wallace DC: A mitochondrial DNA variant, identified in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy patients, which extends the amino acid sequence of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Aug;51(2):378-85. 1322638
  12. Gattermann N, Retzlaff S, Wang YL, Hofhaus G, Heinisch J, Aul C, Schneider W: Heteroplasmic point mutations of mitochondrial DNA affecting subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase in two patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia. Blood. 1997 Dec 15;90(12):4961-72. 9389715
  13. Broker S, Meunier B, Rich P, Gattermann N, Hofhaus G: MtDNA mutations associated with sideroblastic anaemia cause a defect of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. Eur J Biochem. 1998 Nov 15;258(1):132-8. 9851701
  14. Karadimas CL, Greenstein P, Sue CM, Joseph JT, Tanji K, Haller RG, Taivassalo T, Davidson MM, Shanske S, Bonilla E, DiMauro S: Recurrent myoglobinuria due to a nonsense mutation in the COX I gene of mitochondrial DNA. Neurology. 2000 Sep 12;55(5):644-9. 10980727
  15. Varlamov DA, Kudin AP, Vielhaber S, Schroder R, Sassen R, Becker A, Kunz D, Haug K, Rebstock J, Heils A, Elger CE, Kunz WS: Metabolic consequences of a novel missense mutation of the mtDNA CO I gene. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Aug 1;11(16):1797-805. 12140182
  16. Lucioli S, Hoffmeier K, Carrozzo R, Tessa A, Ludwig B, Santorelli FM: Introducing a novel human mtDNA mutation into the Paracoccus denitrificans COX I gene explains functional deficits in a patient. Neurogenetics. 2006 Mar;7(1):51-7. Epub 2005 Nov 12. 16284789
  17. Greaves LC, Preston SL, Tadrous PJ, Taylor RW, Barron MJ, Oukrif D, Leedham SJ, Deheragoda M, Sasieni P, Novelli MR, Jankowski JA, Turnbull DM, Wright NA, McDonald SA: Mitochondrial DNA mutations are established in human colonic stem cells, and mutated clones expand by crypt fission. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 17;103(3):714-9. Epub 2006 Jan 6. 16407113
  18. Namslauer I, Brzezinski P: A mitochondrial DNA mutation linked to colon cancer results in proton leaks in cytochrome c oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 3;106(9):3402-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811450106. Epub 2009 Feb 13. 19218458