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Interleukin-6

NameInterleukin-6
Synonyms
  • B-cell stimulatory factor 2
  • BSF-2
  • CDF
  • CTL differentiation factor
  • Hybridoma growth factor
  • IFN-beta-2
  • IFNB2
  • IL-6
  • Interferon beta-2
Gene NameIL6
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021838|Interleukin-6
MNSFSTSAFGPVAFSLGLLLVLPAAFPAPVPPGEDSKDVAAPHRQPLTSSERIDKQIRYI
LDGISALRKETCNKSNMCESSKEALAENNLNLPKMAEKDGCFQSGFNEETCLVKIITGLL
EFEVYLEYLQNRFESSEEQARAVQMSTKVLIQFLQKKAKNLDAITTPDPTTNASLLTKLQ
AQNQWLQDMTTHLILRSFKEFLQSSLRALRQM
Number of residues212
Molecular Weight23717.965
Theoretical pI6.52
GO Classification
Functions
  • interleukin-6 receptor binding
  • growth factor activity
  • cytokine activity
Processes
  • negative regulation of cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of MAPK cascade
  • negative regulation of lipid storage
  • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
  • negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
  • response to auditory stimulus
  • humoral immune response
  • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
  • regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
  • monocyte chemotaxis
  • positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation
  • inflammatory response
  • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
  • muscle cell cellular homeostasis
  • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
  • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • endocrine pancreas development
  • negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
  • positive regulation of neuron differentiation
  • defense response to virus
  • acute-phase response
  • response to heat
  • positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation
  • cell growth
  • response to amino acid
  • positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade
  • positive regulation of cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein
  • response to peptidoglycan
  • regulation of cell shape
  • regulation of angiogenesis
  • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
  • defense response to protozoan
  • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
  • response to cold
  • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
  • platelet activation
  • positive regulation of chemokine production
  • cellular response to interleukin-1
  • response to calcium ion
  • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
  • neutrophil mediated immunity
  • cell redox homeostasis
  • positive regulation of T cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of neuron death
  • response to glucocorticoid
  • positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion
  • interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway
  • negative regulation of protein kinase activity
  • positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
  • positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
  • response to nutrient levels
  • positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
  • glucose homeostasis
  • positive regulation of apoptotic process
  • aging
  • regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
  • negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process
  • hepatic immune response
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
  • cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
  • positive regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus
  • bone remodeling
  • response to yeast
  • negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
  • cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
  • positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis
  • response to drug
  • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of translation
  • glucagon secretion
  • cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
  • response to electrical stimulus
  • positive regulation of acute inflammatory response
  • response to antibiotic
  • positive regulation of DNA replication
  • positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
  • negative regulation of muscle organ development
  • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • response to caffeine
  • positive regulation of B cell activation
  • response to insulin
  • neutrophil apoptotic process
  • positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process
  • negative regulation of apoptotic process
  • negative regulation of hormone secretion
  • negative regulation of cytokine secretion
  • neuron projection development
  • branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
  • T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment
Components
  • extracellular space
  • interleukin-6 receptor complex
  • cytoplasm
  • extracellular region
  • external side of plasma membrane
General FunctionInterleukin-6 receptor binding
Specific FunctionCytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasmacytoma growth and induces nerve cells differentiation.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID32674
UniProtKB IDP05231
UniProtKB Entry NameIL6_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021839|Interleukin-6 (IL6)
ATGAACTCCTTCTCCACAAGCGCCTTCGGTCCAGTTGCCTTCTCCCTGGGGCTGCTCCTG
GTGTTGCCTGCTGCCTTCCCTGCCCCAGTACCCCCAGGAGAAGATTCCAAAGATGTAGCC
GCCCCACACAGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAGAACGAATTGACAAACAAATTCGGTACATC
CTCGACGGCATCTCAGCCCTGAGAAAGGAGACATGTAACAAGAGTAACATGTGTGAAAGC
AGCAAAGAGGCACTGGCAGAAAACAACCTGAACCTTCCAAAGATGGCTGAAAAAGATGGA
TGCTTCCAATCTGGATTCAATGAGGAGACTTGCCTGGTGAAAATCATCACTGGTCTTTTG
GAGTTTGAGGTATACCTAGAGTACCTCCAGAACAGATTTGAGAGTAGTGAGGAACAAGCC
AGAGCTGTGCAGATGAGTACAAAAGTCCTGATCCAGTTCCTGCAGAAAAAGGCAAAGAAT
CTAGATGCAATAACCACCCCTGACCCAACCACAAATGCCAGCCTGCTGACGAAGCTGCAG
GCACAGAACCAGTGGCTGCAGGACATGACAACTCATCTCATTCTGCGCAGCTTTAAGGAG
TTCCTGCAGTCCAGCCTGAGGGCTCTTCGGCAAATGTAG
GenBank Gene IDX04430
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDIL6
HGNC IDHGNC:6018
Chromosome Location7
Locus7p21
References
  1. Hirano T, Yasukawa K, Harada H, Taga T, Watanabe Y, Matsuda T, Kashiwamura S, Nakajima K, Koyama K, Iwamatsu A, et al.: Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin. Nature. 1986 Nov 6-12;324(6092):73-6. 3491322
  2. Yasukawa K, Hirano T, Watanabe Y, Muratani K, Matsuda T, Nakai S, Kishimoto T: Structure and expression of human B cell stimulatory factor-2 (BSF-2/IL-6) gene. EMBO J. 1987 Oct;6(10):2939-45. 3500852
  3. May LT, Helfgott DC, Sehgal PB: Anti-beta-interferon antibodies inhibit the increased expression of HLA-B7 mRNA in tumor necrosis factor-treated human fibroblasts: structural studies of the beta 2 interferon involved. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):8957-61. 3538015
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  5. Brakenhoff JP, de Groot ER, Evers RF, Pannekoek H, Aarden LA: Molecular cloning and expression of hybridoma growth factor in Escherichia coli. J Immunol. 1987 Dec 15;139(12):4116-21. 3320204
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  11. Van Damme J, Van Beeumen J, Decock B, Van Snick J, De Ley M, Billiau A: Separation and comparison of two monokines with lymphocyte-activating factor activity: IL-1 beta and hybridoma growth factor (HGF). Identification of leukocyte-derived HGF as IL-6. J Immunol. 1988 Mar 1;140(5):1534-41. 3279116
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