You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Toxin, Toxin Target Database.
NameTubulin alpha-4A chain
Synonyms
  • Alpha-tubulin 1
  • Testis-specific alpha-tubulin
  • TUBA1
  • Tubulin alpha-1 chain
  • Tubulin H2-alpha
Gene NameTUBA4A
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0002761|Tubulin alpha-4A chain
MRECISVHVGQAGVQMGNACWELYCLEHGIQPDGQMPSDKTIGGGDDSFTTFFCETGAGK
HVPRAVFVDLEPTVIDEIRNGPYRQLFHPEQLITGKEDAANNYARGHYTIGKEIIDPVLD
RIRKLSDQCTGLQGFLVFHSFGGGTGSGFTSLLMERLSVDYGKKSKLEFSIYPAPQVSTA
VVEPYNSILTTHTTLEHSDCAFMVDNEAIYDICRRNLDIERPTYTNLNRLISQIVSSITA
SLRFDGALNVDLTEFQTNLVPYPRIHFPLATYAPVISAEKAYHEQLSVAEITNACFEPAN
QMVKCDPRHGKYMACCLLYRGDVVPKDVNAAIAAIKTKRSIQFVDWCPTGFKVGINYQPP
TVVPGGDLAKVQRAVCMLSNTTAIAEAWARLDHKFDLMYAKRAFVHWYVGEGMEEGEFSE
AREDMAALEKDYEEVGIDSYEDEDEGEE
Number of residues448
Molecular Weight49923.995
Theoretical pI4.69
GO Classification
Functions
  • GTPase activity
  • structural constituent of cytoskeleton
  • GTP binding
Processes
  • microtubule-based process
  • blood coagulation
  • protein folding
  • platelet activation
  • 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding
  • cellular protein metabolic process
  • platelet degranulation
  • G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
  • mitotic cell cycle
  • organelle organization
Components
  • microtubule
  • extracellular region
  • cytosol
  • extracellular exosome
General FunctionStructural constituent of cytoskeleton
Specific FunctionTubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID32015
UniProtKB IDP68366
UniProtKB Entry NameTBA4A_HUMAN
Cellular LocationCytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016410|Tubulin alpha-4A chain (TUBA4A)
ATGGGCAATGCCTGCTGGGAGCTCTATTGCTTGGAACATGGGATTCAGCCTGATGGGCAG
ATGCCCAGTGACAAGACCATTGGTGGAGGGGACGACTCCTTCACCACCTTCTTCTGTGAA
ACTGGTGCTGGAAAACACGTACCCCGGGCAGTTTTTGTGGATCTGGAGCCTACGGTCATT
GATGAGATCCGAAATGGCCCATACCGACAGCTCTTCCACCCAGAGCAGCTCATCACTGGG
AAAGAGGATGCTGCCAACAACTATGCCCGTGGTCACTATACCATTGGCAAGGAGATCATT
GACCCAGTGCTGGATCGGATCCGCAAGCTGTCTGACCAGTGCACAGGACTTCAGGGCTTC
CTGGTGTTCCACAGCTTTGGTGGGGGCACTGGCTCTGGCTTCACCTCACTCCTGATGGAG
CGGCTCTCTGTTGACTATGGCAAGAAATCCAAGCTGGAATTCTCCATCTACCCAGCCCCC
CAGGTGTCTACAGCCGTGGTCGAGCCCTACAACTCTATCCTGACCACCCACACCACCCTG
GAGCACTCAGACTGTGCCTTCATGGTGGACAACGAAGCAATCTATGACATCTGCCGCCGC
AACCTAGACATCGAGCGCCCAACCTACACCAACCTCAATCGCCTCATTAGCCAAATTGTC
TCCTCCATCACAGCTTCTCTGCGCTTTGACGGGGCCCTCAATGTGGACCTGACAGAGTTC
CAGACCAACCTGGTGCCCTACCCTCGCATCCACTTCCCCCTGGCCACCTATGCACCAGTC
ATCTCTGCAGAAAAGGCATACCACGAGCAGCTGTCGGTGGCAGAGATCACCAATGCCTGC
TTTGAGCCTGCCAACCAGATGGTAAAGTGTGATCCCCGGCACGGCAAGTACATGGCCTGC
TGCCTGCTGTACCGTGGAGATGTGGTGCCCAAGGATGTCAACGCTGCCATTGCCGCCATC
AAGACCAAGCGCAGCATTCAGTTTGTGGACTGGTGCCCCACAGGCTTCAAGGTTGGTATC
AACTACCAGCCTCCCACTGTGGTGCCTGGGGGTGACCTGGCCAAGGTGCAGCGTGCCGTG
TGCATGCTGAGCAACACGACCGCCATCGCCGAGGCCTGGGCCCGCCTGGACCACAAGTTC
GACCTGATGTATGCCAAGAGGGCGTTTGTGCACTGGTATGTGGGTGAGGGCATGGAGGAG
GGTGAGTTCTCCGAGGCCCGTGAGGATATGGCTGCCCTGGAGAAGGATTATGAGGAGGTG
GGCATCGACTCCTATGAGGACGAGGATGAGGGAGAAGAATAA
GenBank Gene IDX06956
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDTUBA4A
HGNC IDHGNC:12407
Chromosome Location2
Locus2q35
References
  1. Dobner PR, Kislauskis E, Wentworth BM, Villa-Komaroff L: Alternative 5' exons either provide or deny an initiator methionine codon to the same alpha-tubulin coding region. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jan 12;15(1):199-218. 3029670
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. 14702039
  3. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. 15815621
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334
  5. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. 18088087
  6. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007. 18691976
  7. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105. Epub 2008 Jul 31. 18669648
  8. Rogowski K, Juge F, van Dijk J, Wloga D, Strub JM, Levilliers N, Thomas D, Bre MH, Van Dorsselaer A, Gaertig J, Janke C: Evolutionary divergence of enzymatic mechanisms for posttranslational polyglycylation. Cell. 2009 Jun 12;137(6):1076-87. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.05.020. 19524510
  9. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. 21269460
  10. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22. 24275569
  11. Smith BN, Ticozzi N, Fallini C, Gkazi AS, Topp S, Kenna KP, Scotter EL, Kost J, Keagle P, Miller JW, Calini D, Vance C, Danielson EW, Troakes C, Tiloca C, Al-Sarraj S, Lewis EA, King A, Colombrita C, Pensato V, Castellotti B, de Belleroche J, Baas F, ten Asbroek AL, Sapp PC, McKenna-Yasek D, McLaughlin RL, Polak M, Asress S, Esteban-Perez J, Munoz-Blanco JL, Simpson M, van Rheenen W, Diekstra FP, Lauria G, Duga S, Corti S, Cereda C, Corrado L, Soraru G, Morrison KE, Williams KL, Nicholson GA, Blair IP, Dion PA, Leblond CS, Rouleau GA, Hardiman O, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH, Al-Chalabi A, Pall H, Shaw PJ, Turner MR, Talbot K, Taroni F, Garcia-Redondo A, Wu Z, Glass JD, Gellera C, Ratti A, Brown RH Jr, Silani V, Shaw CE, Landers JE: Exome-wide rare variant analysis identifies TUBA4A mutations associated with familial ALS. Neuron. 2014 Oct 22;84(2):324-31. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.09.027. Epub 2014 Oct 22. 25374358
  12. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8. 25944712