You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Toxin, Toxin Target Database.
NameAlanine aminotransferase 2
Synonyms
  • 2.6.1.2
  • AAT2
  • ALT2
  • Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2
  • Glutamic--alanine transaminase 2
  • Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase 2
  • GPT 2
Gene NameGPT2
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0004250|Alanine aminotransferase 2
MQRAAALVRRGCGPRTPSSWGRSQSSAAAEASAVLKVRPERSRRERILTLESMNPQVKAV
EYAVRGPIVLKAGEIELELQRGIKKPFTEVIRANIGDAQAMGQQPITFLRQVMALCTYPN
LLDSPSFPEDAKKRARRILQACGGNSLGSYSASQGVNCIREDVAAYITRRDGGVPADPDN
IYLTTGASDGISTILKILVSGGGKSRTGVMIPIPQYPLYSAVISELDAIQVNYYLDEENC
WALNVNELRRAVQEAKDHCDPKVLCIINPGNPTGQVQSRKCIEDVIHFAWEEKLFLLADE
VYQDNVYSPDCRFHSFKKVLYEMGPEYSSNVELASFHSTSKGYMGECGYRGGYMEVINLH
PEIKGQLVKLLSVRLCPPVSGQAAMDIVVNPPVAGEESFEQFSREKESVLGNLAKKAKLT
EDLFNQVPGIHCNPLQGAMYAFPRIFIPAKAVEAAQAHQMAPDMFYCMKLLEETGICVVP
GSGFGQREGTYHFRMTILPPVEKLKTVLQKVKDFHINFLEKYA
Number of residues523
Molecular Weight57903.11
Theoretical pI7.77
GO Classification
Functions
  • L-alanine
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
Processes
  • cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
  • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • L-alanine catabolic process
  • 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process
  • L-alanine metabolic process
Components
  • mitochondrial matrix
General FunctionPyridoxal phosphate binding
Specific FunctionCatalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID19046894
UniProtKB IDQ8TD30
UniProtKB Entry NameALAT2_HUMAN
Cellular LocationNot Available
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016703|Alanine aminotransferase 2 (GPT2)
ATGGGGCAGCAGCCAATCACCTTCCTCCGGCAGGTGATGGCACTATGCACCTACCCAAAC
CTGCTGGACAGCCCCAGCTTCCCAGAAGATGCTAAGAAACGTGCCCGGCGGATCCTGCAG
GCTTGTGGCGGGAACAGCCTGGGGTCCTACAGTGCTAGCCAGGGTGTCAACTGCATCCGT
GAAGATGTGGCTGCCTACATCACCAGGAGGGATGGCGGTGTGCCTGCGGACCCCGACAAC
ATCTACCTGACCACGGGAGCTAGTGACGGCATTTCTACGATCCTGAAGATCCTCGTCTCC
GGGGGCGGCAAGTCACGGACAGGTGTGATGATCCCCATCCCACAATATCCCCTCTATTCA
GCTGTCATCTCTGAGCTCGACGCCATCCAGGTGAATTACTACCTGGACGAGGAGAACTGC
TGGGCGCTGAATGTGAATGAGCTCCGGCGGGCGGTGCAGGAGGCCAAAGACCACTGTGAT
CCTAAGGTGCTCTGCATAATCAACCCTGGGAACCCCACAGGCCAGGTACAAAGCAGAAAG
TGCATAGAAGATGTGATCCACTTTGCCTGGGAAGAGAAGCTCTTTCTCCTGGCTGATGAG
GTGTACCAGGACAACGTGTACTCTCCAGATTGCAGATTCCACTCCTTCAAGAAGGTGCTG
TACGAGATGGGGCCCGAGTACTCCAGCAACGTGGAGCTCGCCTCCTTCCACTCCACCTCC
AAGGGCTACATGGGCGAGTGTGGTTACAGAGGAGGCTACATGGAGGTGATCAACCTGCAC
CCTGAGATCAAGGGCCAGCTGGTGAAGCTGCTGTCGGTGCGCCTGTGCCCCCCAGTGTCT
GGGCAGGCCGCCATGGACATTGTCGTGAACCCCCCGGTGGCAGGAGAGGAGTCCTTTGAG
CAATTCAGCCGAGAGAAGGAGTCGGTCCTGGGTAATCTGGCCAAAAAAGCAAAGCTGACG
GAAGACCTGTTTAACCAAGTCCCAGGAATTCACTGCAACCCCTTGCAGGGGGCCATGTAC
GCCTTCCCTCGGATCTTCATTCCTGCCAAAGCTGTGGAGGCTGCTCAGGCCCATCAAATG
GCTCCAGACATGTTCTACTGCATGAAGCTCCTGGAGGAGACTGGCATCTGTGTCGTGCCC
GGCAGTGGCTTTGGGCAGAGGGAAGGCACTTACCACTTCAGGATGACTATCCTCCCTCCA
GTGGAGAAGCTGAAAACGGTGCTGCAGAAGGTGAAAGACTTCCACATCAACTTCCTGGAG
AAGTACGCGTGA
GenBank Gene IDAY029173
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDGPT2
HGNC IDHGNC:18062
Chromosome Location16
Locus16q12.1
References
  1. Yang RZ, Blaileanu G, Hansen BC, Shuldiner AR, Gong DW: cDNA cloning, genomic structure, chromosomal mapping, and functional expression of a novel human alanine aminotransferase. Genomics. 2002 Mar;79(3):445-50. 11863375
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. 14702039
  3. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. 15616553
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334
  5. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. 21269460
  6. Celis K, Shuldiner S, Haverfield EV, Cappell J, Yang R, Gong DW, Chung WK: Loss of function mutation in glutamic pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) causes developmental encephalopathy. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2015 Sep;38(5):941-8. doi: 10.1007/s10545-015-9824-x. Epub 2015 Mar 3. 25758935