89
T3D0088
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (BCEE) is a colorless non-flammable liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor. It does not occur naturally, but is manufactured by humans for use in the production of pesticides and other chemicals. Limited amounts of BCEE dissolve in water and also slowly evaporate into air. In the environment, BCEE is broken down by bacteria in soil and water and by chemical reactions in the air, so it does not tend to persist for long periods. (L183)
111-44-4
8115
C4H8Cl2O
141.995220
Colorless liquid.
-51.9°C
17.2 mg/mL at 20 °C [VEITH,GD et al. (1980)]
Oral (L184); inhalation (L184) ; dermal (L184)
BCEE is extremely meabolized, with thiodiglycolic acid (TDGA) being the principal endproduct. The pathway leading to TDGA formation is uncertain, but probably involves oxidative cleavage of the ether bond to yield chloroacetaldehyde and 2-chloroethanol. (L183)
BCEE is absorbed following inhalation exposure, oral administration, as well as contact to the skin. BCEE is distributed through the body, but highest levels are found in the liver, kidney and small intestine, while much lower levels are found in lung, spleen and muscle. BCEE is extensively metabolized to thiodiglycolic acid (TDGA), 2-chloroethoxyacetic acid (CEAA), and N-acetyl-S-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl]-L-cysteine, with TDGA being the principal endproduct. Smaller amounts of BCEE are metabolized by oxidation or substitution at a chlorine without ether cleavage. Approximately 80% of BCEE administered orally is excreted as TDGA within 48 hours. Smaller amounts are excreted in feces or expired air and only a very small fraction of the dose remains in the body. This indicates that BCEE is effectively excreted, and that it has a low tendency to accumulate in tissues. (L183, A129)
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is used in pesticides. It is also used as a solvent, cleaner, component of paint and varnish, rust inhibitor, or as a chemical intermediate to make other chemicals. Exposure occurs from consumption of drinking water that contains BCEE, breathing BCEE vapors, and dermal contact. (L183)
Intermediate Inhalation: 0.02 ppm (L134)
The principal acute effect of inhalation exposure to BCEE vapor is irritation and injury to the cells of the respiratory epithelium. BCEE vapors can cause loss of weight, nose irritation, severe injury to the lungs, and may lead to death. It might also cause cancer. (L183)
Symptoms of BCEE exposure include coughing, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, burning sensation, redness of the exposed surface, laboured breathing, and abdominal pain, depending on the route of exposure. Symptoms may be delayed. (L184)
2009-03-06T18:58:03Z
2014-12-24T20:21:05Z
C14688
GAL-GLCNAC-GAL-GLC
C006767
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
169
true
ClCCOCCCl
C4H8Cl2O
InChI=1S/C4H8Cl2O/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h1-4H2
InChIKey=ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
143.012
141.995220292
Exogenous
Liquid
CHEMBL1613350
21106016