242
T3D0241
Calcium arsenate
Calcium arsenate is a chemical compound or arsenic, made especially toxic by its high solubility in water. (L719)
7778-44-1
24501
As2Ca3O8
397.690280
Colorless solid.
Oral (L2) ; inhalation (L2) ; dermal (L2)
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (P29803)
Hemoglobin subunit beta (P68871)
Hemoglobin subunit alpha (P69905)
Haptoglobin (P00738)
Estrogen receptor (P03372)
Glucocorticoid receptor (P04150)
Glutathione reductase (P00390)
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Q14145)
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (P09874)
Thioredoxin (P10599)
Tubulin beta chain (P07437)
Actin, cytoplasmic 1 (P60709)
Actin, cytoplasmic 2 (P63261)
Arsenite methyltransferase (Q9HBK9)
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (Q16881)
Thioredoxin reductase 2 (Q9NNW7)
Thioredoxin reductase 3 (Q86VQ6)
(A15, A16, A17)
Arsenic and its metabolites disrupt ATP production through several mechanisms. At the level of the citric acid cycle, arsenic inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase and by competing with phosphate it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, thus inhibiting energy-linked reduction of NAD+, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide production is also increased, which might form reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Arsenic's carginogenicity is influenced by the arsenical binding of tubulin, which results in aneuploidy, polyploidy and mitotic arrests. The binding of other arsenic protein targets may also cause altered DNA repair enzyme activity, altered DNA methylation patterns and cell proliferation. (T1, A17)
Arsenic is absorbed mainly by inhalation or ingestion, as to a lesser extent, dermal exposure. It is then distributed throughout the body, where it is reduced into arsenite if necessary, then methylated into monomethylarsenic (MMA) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) by arsenite methyltransferase. Arsenic and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. Arsenic is known to induce the metal-binding protein metallothionein, which decreases the toxic effects of arsenic and other metals by binding them and making them biologically inactive, as well as acting as an antioxidant. (L20)
LD50: 20 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T14)
LD50: 2400 mg/kg (Dermal, Rat) (T14)
1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
Calcium arsenate is used as a pesticide. (L719)
Acute Oral: 0.005 mg/kg/day (L134)
Chronic Oral: 0.0003 mg/kg/day (L134)
Chronic Inhalation: 0.01 mg/m3 (L134)
Arsenic poisoning can lead to death from multi-system organ failure, probably from necrotic cell death, not apoptosis. Arsenic is also a known carcinogen, especially in skin, liver, bladder and lung cancers. (T1, L20)
Exposure to lower levels of arsenic can cause nausea and vomiting, decreased production of red and white blood cells, abnormal heart rhythm, damage to blood vessels.
Arsenic poisoning can be treated by chelation therapy, using chelating agents such as dimercaprol, EDTA or DMSA. Charcoal tablets may also be used for less severe cases. In addition, maintaining a diet high in sulfur helps eliminate arsenic from the body. (L20)
2009-03-06T18:58:21Z
2014-12-24T20:21:24Z
Metallothionein-2 (P02795)
Metallothionein-1G (P13640)
Metallothionein-1H (P80294)
Metallothionein-3 (P25713)
Metallothionein-1F (P04733)
Metallothionein-1E (P04732)
Metallothionein-1X (P80297)
Metallothionein-1A (P04731)
Metallothionein-1B (P07438)
Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339)
Metallothionein-4 (P47944)
Metallothionein-1L (Q93083)
Arsenite methyltransferase (Q9HBK9)
(L92)
Calcium_arsenate
C18647
C045817
Calcium arsenate
true
Arsenite methyltransferase (Q9HBK9)
(L92)
Metallothionein-2 (P02795)
Metallothionein-1G (P13640)
Metallothionein-1H (P80294)
Metallothionein-3 (P25713)
Metallothionein-1F (P04733)
Metallothionein-1E (P04732)
Metallothionein-1X (P80297)
Metallothionein-1A (P04731)
Metallothionein-1B (P07438)
Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339)
Metallothionein-4 (P47944)
Metallothionein-1L (Q93083)
(L92)
[Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O
As2Ca3O8
InChI=1S/2AsH3O4.3Ca/c2*2-1(3,4)5;;;/h2*(H3,2,3,4,5);;;/q;;3*+2/p-6
InChIKey=RMBBSOLAGVEUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-H
398.072
397.690283275
Exogenous
Solid
22909