1346
T3D1342
Mercury(I) fluoride
Mercury(I) fluoride is a fluoride of mercury. Mercury is a heavy, silvery d-block metal and one of six elements that are liquid at or near room temperature and pressure. It is a naturally occuring substance, and combines with other elements such as chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen to form inorganic mercury compounds (salts). Mercury also combines with carbon to make organic mercury compounds. (L1)
13967-25-4
161006
F2Hg2
239.967430
Yellow crystals.
Oral (L7) ; inhalation (L7) ; dermal (L7)
High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. (L7, A8, A25, A26)
Mercury is absorbed mainly via ingestion and inhalation, then distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, where a portion binds to sulfhydryl groups on haemoglobin. Mercury can undergo oxidation to mercuric mercury, which takes place via the catalase-hydrogen peroxide pathway. The mercury atom is able to diffuse down the cleft in the catalase enzyme to reach the active site where the heme ring is located. Oxidation most likely occurs in all tissue, as the catalase hydrogen peroxide pathway is ubiquitous. Following oxidation, mercury tends to accumulate in the kidneys. Mercury is excreted mainly by exhalation and in the faeces. (A6, L7)
1 gram for an adult human (average for inorganic mercurials). (T17)
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
Chronic Inhalation: 0.0002 mg/m3 (L134)
Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. (L7)
Common symptoms include peripheral neuropathy (presenting as paresthesia or itching, burning or pain), skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips and toes), edema (swelling), and desquamation (dead skin peels off in layers). (A5)
Mercury poisoning is treated by immediate decontamination and chelation therapy using DMSA, DMPS, DPCN, or dimercaprol. (A7)
2009-06-19T21:58:39Z
2014-12-24T20:23:42Z
Metallothionein-2 (P02795)
Metallothionein-1G (P13640)
Metallothionein-1H (P80294)
Metallothionein-3 (P25713)
Metallothionein-1F (P04733)
Metallothionein-1E (P04732)
Metallothionein-1X (P80297)
Metallothionein-1A (P04731)
Metallothionein-1B (P07438)
Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339)
Metallothionein-4 (P47944)
Metallothionein-1L (Q93083)
Catalase (P04040)
Hemoglobin subunit alpha (P69905)
Hemoglobin subunit beta (P68871)
Hemoglobin subunit gamma-1 (P69891)
Hemoglobin subunit gamma-2 (P69892)
Hemoglobin subunit delta (P02042)
Hemoglobin subunit epsilon (P02100)
Hemoglobin subunit theta-1 (P09105)
Hemoglobin subunit zeta (P02008)
Hemoglobin subunit mu (Q6B0K9)
(L7, L92)
Mercury(I) fluoride
true
Catalase (P04040)
(L7, L92)
Metallothionein-2 (P02795)
Metallothionein-1G (P13640)
Metallothionein-1H (P80294)
Metallothionein-3 (P25713)
Metallothionein-1F (P04733)
Metallothionein-1E (P04732)
Metallothionein-1X (P80297)
Metallothionein-1A (P04731)
Metallothionein-1B (P07438)
Metallothionein-1M (Q8N339)
Metallothionein-4 (P47944)
Metallothionein-1L (Q93083)
Hemoglobin subunit alpha (P69905)
Hemoglobin subunit beta (P68871)
Hemoglobin subunit gamma-1 (P69891)
Hemoglobin subunit gamma-2 (P69892)
Hemoglobin subunit delta (P02042)
Hemoglobin subunit epsilon (P02100)
Hemoglobin subunit theta-1 (P09105)
Hemoglobin subunit zeta (P02008)
Hemoglobin subunit mu (Q6B0K9)
(L7, L92)
F[Hg][Hg]F
F2Hg2
InChI=1S/2FH.2Hg/h2*1H;;/q;;2*+1/p-2
InChIKey=FQZUXVBMUHSNRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
439.18
441.938057618
Exogenous
Solid