1668
T3D1664
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, also know as MDI, is a chemical compound of cyanide and an aromatic diisocyanate. It is used in the manufacture of polyurethane and as an an industrial strength adhesive. (L576)
101-68-8
7570
C15H10N2O2
250.074230
White powder.
38°C
314°C (587°K)
Oral (L96) ; inhalation (L96) ; dermal (L96)
Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97)
Cyanide is rapidly alsorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L96)
LD50: 369 mg/m3 over 4 hours (Inhalation, Rat) (T13)
200 to 300 milligrams for an adult human (cyanide salts). (T86)
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate is used in the manufacture of polyurethane and as an an industrial strength adhesive. (L576)
Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97)
Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (L96, L97)
Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (L97)
2009-06-22T16:08:25Z
2014-12-24T20:24:24Z
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Q16762)
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (P25325)
(L96)
C19453
53218
CPD-1125
C005969
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
3436
true
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (Q16762)
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (P25325)
(L96)
O=C=NC1=CC=C(CC2=CC=C(C=C2)N=C=O)C=C1
C15H10N2O2
InChI=1S/C15H10N2O2/c18-10-16-14-5-1-12(2-6-14)9-13-3-7-15(8-4-13)17-11-19/h1-8H,9H2
InChIKey=UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
250.2521
250.074227574
Exogenous
Solid
CHEMBL1488467
7289