Bromoacetic acid (T3D1777)

General Function:

Used for biological information storage.

Specific Function:

DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.

Molecular Weight:

2.15 x 10¹² Da

References

1. Kargalioglu Y, McMillan BJ, Minear RA, Plewa MJ: Analysis of the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of drinking water disinfection by-products in Salmonella typhimurium. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 2002;22(2):113-28. [11835289 ]
2. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) (1999). Environmental Health Criteria 216: Disinfectants and DIsinfectant By-Products. IPCS under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation and the World Health Organization.
3. Wikipedia. Bromoacetic acid. Last Updated 20 February 2009. [Link]

References

1. Kargalioglu Y, McMillan BJ, Minear RA, Plewa MJ: Analysis of the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of drinking water disinfection by-products in Salmonella typhimurium. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 2002;22(2):113-28. [11835289 ]
2. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) (1999). Environmental Health Criteria 216: Disinfectants and DIsinfectant By-Products. IPCS under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation and the World Health Organization.
3. Wikipedia. Bromoacetic acid. Last Updated 20 February 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Specific Function:

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Gene Name:

PTGS1

Uniprot ID:

P23219

Molecular Weight:

68685.82 Da

References

1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [10592235 ]

General Function:

Temperature-gated cation channel activity

Specific Function:

Receptor-activated non-selective cation channel involved in detection of pain and possibly also in cold perception and inner ear function (PubMed:25389312, PubMed:25855297). Has a central role in the pain response to endogenous inflammatory mediators and to a diverse array of volatile irritants, such as mustard oil, cinnamaldehyde, garlic and acrolein, an irritant from tears gas and vehicule exhaust fumes (PubMed:25389312, PubMed:20547126). Is also activated by menthol (in vitro)(PubMed:25389312). Acts also as a ionotropic cannabinoid receptor by being activated by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana (PubMed:25389312). May be a component for the mechanosensitive transduction channel of hair cells in inner ear, thereby participating in the perception of sounds. Probably operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system (By similarity).

Gene Name:

TRPA1

Uniprot ID:

O75762

Molecular Weight:

127499.88 Da

References

1. Kargalioglu Y, McMillan BJ, Minear RA, Plewa MJ: Analysis of the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of drinking water disinfection by-products in Salmonella typhimurium. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 2002;22(2):113-28. [11835289 ]
2. Nilius B, Prenen J, Owsianik G: Irritating channels: the case of TRPA1. J Physiol. 2011 Apr 1;589(Pt 7):1543-9. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.200717. Epub 2010 Nov 15. [21078588 ]
3. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) (1999). Environmental Health Criteria 216: Disinfectants and DIsinfectant By-Products. IPCS under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation and the World Health Organization.
4. Wikipedia. Bromoacetic acid. Last Updated 20 February 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function:

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase which acts as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Mediates dephosphorylation of EIF2AK3/PERK; inactivating the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK3/PERK. May play an important role in CKII- and p60c-src-induced signal transduction cascades. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling pathway which modulates cell reorganization and cell-cell repulsion. May also regulate the hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway through dephosphorylation of MET.

Gene Name:

PTPN1

Uniprot ID:

P18031

Molecular Weight:

49966.44 Da

References

1. Arabaci G, Yi T, Fu H, Porter ME, Beebe KD, Pei D: alpha-bromoacetophenone derivatives as neutral protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors: structure-Activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Nov 4;12(21):3047-50. [12372498 ]