Scyllatoxin (T3D2523)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (3)XML
Targets (3)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-03 22:19:10 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:39 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2523
Identification
Common NameScyllatoxin
ClassProtein
DescriptionScyllatoxin is a peptide toxin produced by the Yellow scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus). It blocks small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. (4)
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Animal Toxin
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
  • Protein
  • Scorpion Toxin
Protein StructureT3d2523
Synonyms
Synonym
Leiurotoxin I
Leiurotoxin-1
LeTx I
Potassium channel toxin alpha-KTx 5.1
ScyTx
Chemical FormulaNot Available
Average Molecular Mass3430.130 g/mol
CAS Registry Number142948-19-4
SequenceNot Available
Chemical Taxonomy
DescriptionNot Available
KingdomOrganic Compounds
Super ClassOrganic Acids
ClassCarboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub ClassAmino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct ParentPeptides
Alternative ParentsNot Available
SubstituentsNot Available
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cell surface
  • Extracellular
  • Plasma Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceClear solution.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility>10 mg/mL
LogPNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureInjection (sting/bite) (5)
Mechanism of ToxicityScyllatoxin blocks small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. This inhibits the slow after-hyperpolarisation that follows an action potential in some nerve cells.(4)
MetabolismFree toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases.
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 0.25 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (1)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesScyllatoxin is a peptide toxin produced by the Yellow scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus). (4)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsStings from the Yellow scorpion are painful but not usually fatal. However, in some cases envenomation may cause anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction to the venom. (2)
SymptomsStings from the Yellow scorpion are painful but not usually fatal. (2)
TreatmentAn antivenom exists for Leiurus quinquestriatus stings. (3)
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
PubChem Compound ID71311759
ChEMBL IDNot Available
ChemSpider IDNot Available
KEGG IDNot Available
UniProt IDP16341
OMIM ID
ChEBI IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDScyllatoxin
PDB ID1SCY
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
  1. Watt DD, Simard JM. Neurotoxic proteins in scorpion venom. J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev. 1984;3:181-221.
  2. Wikipedia. Deathstalker. Last Updated 29 June 2009. [Link]
  3. Wikipedia. Antivenom. Last Updated 1 July 2009. [Link]
  4. Wikipedia. Scyllatoxin. Last Updated 5 April 2009. [Link]
  5. Wikipedia. Scorpion toxin. Last Updated 12 July 2009. [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 1
General Function:
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Specific Function:
Forms a voltage-independent potassium channel activated by intracellular calcium. Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization. Thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic afterhyperpolarization. The channel is blocked by apamin (By similarity).
Gene Name:
KCNN1
Uniprot ID:
Q92952
Molecular Weight:
59986.87 Da
References
  1. Wikipedia. Scyllatoxin. Last Updated 5 April 2009. [Link]
Target Details
2. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2
General Function:
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Specific Function:
Forms a voltage-independent potassium channel activated by intracellular calcium. Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization. Thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic afterhyperpolarization. The channel is blocked by apamin.
Gene Name:
KCNN2
Uniprot ID:
Q9H2S1
Molecular Weight:
63759.03 Da
References
  1. Wikipedia. Scyllatoxin. Last Updated 5 April 2009. [Link]
Target Details
3. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 3
General Function:
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Specific Function:
Forms a voltage-independent potassium channel activated by intracellular calcium. Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization. Thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic afterhyperpolarization. The channel is blocked by apamin.
Gene Name:
KCNN3
Uniprot ID:
Q9UGI6
Molecular Weight:
82025.305 Da
References
  1. Wikipedia. Scyllatoxin. Last Updated 5 April 2009. [Link]