Crotoxin (T3D2543)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationXML
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-03 22:19:18 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:40 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2543
Identification
Common NameCrotoxin
ClassProtein
DescriptionCrotoxin is a peptide toxin produced by the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus). (2)
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Animal Toxin
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
  • Protein
  • Snake Venom
Protein StructureT3d2543
Synonyms
Synonym
Crotalphine
Crotapotin
CTX subunit CA
Phospholipase A2 homolog crotoxin acid subunit CA
Chemical FormulaNot Available
Average Molecular Mass15272.965 g/mol
CAS Registry Number9007-40-3
SequenceNot Available
Chemical Taxonomy
DescriptionNot Available
KingdomOrganic Compounds
Super ClassOrganic Acids
ClassCarboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub ClassAmino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct ParentPeptides
Alternative ParentsNot Available
SubstituentsNot Available
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceClear solution.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility>10 mg/mL
LogPNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureInjection (sting/bite) (4)
Mechanism of ToxicityCrotoxin inhibits neuromuscular transmission by presynaptically blocking acetylcholine release from the nerve termini. (2)
MetabolismFree toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases.
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 0.262 mg/kg (Intravenous, Mouse) (5) LD50: 0.216 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (5)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesCrotoxin is a peptide toxin produced by the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus). (2)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsCrotoxin is neurotoxic. (2)
SymptomsBites from snakes in the Viperidae family cause local pain, swelling, edema, skin discoloration, and ecchymosis. (1)
TreatmentAn antivenom exists for South American rattlesnake venom. (3)
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
PubChem Compound IDNot Available
ChEMBL IDNot Available
ChemSpider IDNot Available
KEGG IDNot Available
UniProt IDP08878
OMIM ID
ChEBI IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB ID3R0L
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDST3D2543.pdf
General References
  1. Dreisbach, RH (1983). Handbook of Poisoning. Los Altos, California: Lange Medical Publications.
  2. The UniProt Consortium. The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) Nucleic Acids Res. 2008;36:D190-D195.
  3. Wikipedia. Antivenom. Last Updated 1 July 2009. [Link]
  4. Wikipedia. Snake venom. Last Updated 25 July 2009. [Link]
  5. Thomas S, Griessel E (1999). LD50 Scores for various snakes. [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available