3629
T3D3580
Sodium fluoroacetate
Sodium fluoroacetate is an organofluorine compound and a derivative of fluoroacetic acid. Sodium fluoroacetate is known under its brand name "1080". Sodium fluoroacetate occurs naturally as an anti-herbivore metabolite in various plants but can also be produced synthetically. Fluoroacetate is highly toxic to mammals and insects; it is used as a pesticide especially for mammalian pest species. The more common fluorinated acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and its sodium salt are far less toxic. (L1713)
62-74-8
16212360
C2H2FNaO2
Odourless white powder. (L138)
200°C (325.15°K)
0.0 mm Hg (at 20 °C)
Fluoroacetate is similar to acetate, which has a pivotal role in cellular metabolism. Fluoroacetate disrupts the citric acid cycle by combining with coenzyme A to form fluoroacetyl CoA. Fluoroacetyl CoA then reacts with citrate synthase to produce fluorocitrate. A metabolite of fluorocitrate binds very tightly to aconitase, thereby halting the citric acid cycle. This inhibition results in an accumulation of citrate in the blood which deprives cells of energy. (L1713)
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
The symptoms of sodium fluoroacetate poisoning normally appear between 30 minutes and three hours after exposure. Initial symptoms typically include nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; sweating, confusion and agitation follow. In significant poisoning cardiac abnormalities including tachycardia or bradycardia, hypotension and ECG changes develop. Neurological effects include muscle twitching and seizures. Consciousness becomes progressively impaired after a few hours leading to coma. Death is generally due to ventricular arrhythmias, progressive hypotension unresponsive to treatment, and secondary lung infections. Sub-lethal doses of sodium fluoroacetate may cause damage to tissues with high energy needs, in particular, the brain, gonads, heart, lungs and fetus. Sub-lethal doses are typically completely metabolised and excreted within four days. (L1713)
Because of the biochemical interference in the citric acid cycle, sodium fluoroacetate poisoning is very difficult to treat. Once clinical symptoms are exhibited, the citric acid cycle has shut down. Effective antidotes are unknown. Research in animals has shown that the use of glyceryl monoacetate can prevent problems if given after ingestion of sodium fluoroacetate. In clinical cases, use of muscle relaxants, anti-convulsants, mechanical ventilation, and other supportive measures may all be required. Few animals or people have been treated successfully after significant sodium fluoroacetate ingestions. (L1713)
2009-08-12T14:05:03Z
2014-12-24T20:26:10Z
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_fluoroacetate
C18588
38699
Sodium fluoroacetate
6534
true
[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CF
C2H2FNaO2
InChI=1S/C2H3FO2.Na/c3-1-2(4)5;/h1H2,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey=JGFYQVQAXANWJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M
100.0243
99.993652188
Exogenous
Solid
CHEMBL369611
5893