3682
T3D3629
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. It is naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil. It usually consisting of a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl. SLS lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions and is used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, and detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes. It is also used in creams and pastes to properly disperse the ingredients and as research tool in protein biochemistry. SLS also has some microbicidal activity. The molecule has a tail of 12 carbon atoms, attached to a sulfate group, giving the molecule the amphiphilic properties required of a detergent. SLS is a highly effective surfactant used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. As such the compound is found in high concentrations in industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. In household products, SLS is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. SLS may irritate the skin and eyes. (L1898)
151-21-3
9028
C12H25NaO4S
White powder.
205.5°C
1.01 g/cm3
1E+005 mg/L
Oral (A2880) ; inhalation (A2880) ; dermal (L1889)
While sodium lauryl sulfate itself is not toxic, it is a nitrosating agent. Nitrosating agents may decompose and/or react to cause nitrosamine contamination. Nitrosamines are produced from secondary amines and amides in the presence of nitrite ions and are believed to be carcinogenic. Once in the body, nitrosamines are activated by cytochrome P-450 enzymes. They are then believed to induce their carcinogenic effects by forming DNA adducts at the N- and O-atoms. (L1889, L1890, A2878, A2879, A2880)
Nitrosamines can enter the body via ingestion, inhalation, or dermal contact. Once in the body, nitrosamines are metabolized by cytochrome P-450 enzymes, which essentially activates them into carcinogens. (A2878, A2879)
LD50: 1288 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T14)
LD50: 210 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T14)
LD50: 118 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (T14)
Not listed by IARC. Certain nitrosamines are classified by IARC as either probably or possibly carcinogenic to humans (Groups 2A and 2B, respectively). (L135)
SLS is a highly effective surfactant used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. As such the compound is found in high concentrations in industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. In household products, SLS is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. SLS may irritate the skin and eyes. (L1898)
SLS can cause skin and eye irritation, as well as canker sores when used in toothpasete. SLS may also react to produce nitrosamines, which are believed to be carcinogenic. (L1890, L1898)
SLS can cause skin and eye irritation, as well as canker sores when used in toothpasete. (L1898)
2009-11-28T02:08:54Z
2014-12-24T20:26:15Z
Sodium_lauryl_sulfate
C11166
8984
DB00815
true
Cytochrome P450 2A1 (P11711)
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (P11509)
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (P05181)
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (P15559)
(A2878, A2879)
[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O
C12H25NaO4S
InChI=1S/C12H26O4S.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-16-17(13,14)15;/h2-12H2,1H3,(H,13,14,15);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey=DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
288.379
288.137124653
Exogenous
Solid
1.6
CHEMBL23393
<p>Willi Breitzke, Hermann Hensen, “Aqueous preparations of sodium lauryl sulfate and myristyl sulfate having a low cloud point useful in making toothpastes.” U.S. Patent US4876035, issued June, 1960.</p>