T3DB: Bromacil

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Gene Regulation Targets (8)XML

Targets (8)

Record Information

Version

2.0

Creation Date

2013-04-25 07:56:50 UTC

Update Date

2014-12-24 20:26:32 UTC

Accession Number

T3D3801

Identification

Common Name

Bromacil

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Bromacil is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H13BrN2O2, commercially available as an herbicide. Bromacil was first registered as a pesticide in the U.S. in 1961. It is used for brush control and non-cropland areas. It works by interfering with photosynthesis by entering the plant through the root zone and moving throughout the plant. Bromacil is one of a group of compounds called substituted uracils. These materials are broad spectrum herbicides used for nonselective weed and brush control on non-croplands, as well as for selective weed control on a limited number of crops, such as citrus fruit and pineapple. Bromacil is also found to be excellent at controlling perennial grasses.

Compound Type

Amide
Bromide Compound
Ester
Herbicide
Organic Compound
Organobromide
Pesticide
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym
5-bromo-3-(butan-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
5-Bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione
5-Bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
5-Bromo-3-sec.-butyl-6-methyluracil
Borea
Borocil
Bromax
Bromazil
Hyvar
Hyvar X
Hyvarex
Krova
Krovar II
Rokar X
Uragan
Uragon
Urox B
Urox-HX

Chemical Formula

C₉H₁₃BrN₂O₂

Average Molecular Mass

261.116 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

260.016 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

314-40-9

IUPAC Name

5-bromo-3-(butan-2-yl)-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione

Traditional Name

bromacil

SMILES

CCC(C)N1C(=O)NC(C)=C(Br)C1=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C9H13BrN2O2/c1-4-5(2)12-8(13)7(10)6(3)11-9(12)14/h5H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,11,14)

InChI Key

InChIKey=CTSLUCNDVMMDHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as halopyrimidines. These are aromatic compounds containing a halogen atom linked to a pyrimidine ring. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organoheterocyclic compounds

Class

Diazines

Sub Class

Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives

Direct Parent

Halopyrimidines

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Halopyrimidine
Pyrimidone
Aryl bromide
Aryl halide
Hydropyrimidine
Heteroaromatic compound
Vinylogous amide
Lactam
Urea
Azacycle
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organobromide
Organohalogen compound
Organic oxide
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

organobromine compound (CHEBI:83658 )
pyrimidone (CHEBI:83658 )
Uracil herbicides (C10911 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available
LogP	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	3.2 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	1.2	ALOGPS
logP	1.69	ChemAxon
logS	-1.9	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	9.95	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-5.4	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	49.41 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	2	ChemAxon
Refractivity	57.99 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	22.42 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-03di-0090000000-8b0242e552df197c5352	2016-08-01	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03di-3190000000-c37b7de8e0ed49c9ce52	2016-08-01	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-052f-9220000000-81c860872f2e4fc79a6b	2016-08-01	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-1190000000-0d9be177014ed7f14a9e	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-052u-3940000000-4533a1c6e8715bda4fd6	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9200000000-562c717ef29694058a51	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-0a4i-7490000000-4089db93b7f8c96873df	2014-10-20	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, CDCl₃, experimental)	Not Available	2014-10-20	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100.40 MHz, CDCl₃, experimental)	Not Available	2014-10-20	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Not Available

Mechanism of Toxicity

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Uses/Sources

This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Health Effects

Not Available

Symptoms

Not Available

Treatment

Not Available

Normal Concentrations

Not Available

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound ID

ChEMBL ID

ChemSpider ID

KEGG ID

UniProt ID

Not Available

OMIM ID

ChEBI ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

CTD ID

Not Available

Stitch ID

Not Available

PDB ID

Not Available

ACToR ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

MSDS

T3D3801.pdf

General References

Not Available

Gene Regulation

Up-Regulated Genes

Not Available

Down-Regulated Genes

Not Available

Targets

Target Details

1. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2

General Function:: Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:: Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones. Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes.
Gene Name:: NR1I2
Uniprot ID:: O75469
Molecular Weight:: 49761.245 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	0.31 uM	NVS_NR_hPXR	Novascreen

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

2. C-X-C motif chemokine 10

General Function:: Receptor binding
Specific Function:: Chemotactic for monocytes and T-lymphocytes. Binds to CXCR3.
Gene Name:: CXCL10
Uniprot ID:: P02778
Molecular Weight:: 10880.915 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	1.48 uM	BSK_BE3C_IP10_up	BioSeek

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

3. ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1

General Function:: Transferase activity
Specific Function:: Synthesizes the second messagers cyclic ADP-ribose and nicotinate-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the former a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion. Also has cADPr hydrolase activity. Also moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system.
Gene Name:: CD38
Uniprot ID:: P28907
Molecular Weight:: 34328.145 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	4.44 uM	BSK_SAg_CD38_up	BioSeek

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

4. Interleukin-1 alpha

General Function:: Cytokine activity
Specific Function:: Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.
Gene Name:: IL1A
Uniprot ID:: P01583
Molecular Weight:: 30606.29 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	4.44 uM	BSK_BE3C_IL1a_up	BioSeek

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

5. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1

General Function:: Steroid binding
Specific Function:: UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
Gene Name:: UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:: P22309
Molecular Weight:: 59590.91 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	5.34 uM	CLZD_UGT1A1_24	CellzDirect
AC50	5.15 uM	CLZD_UGT1A1_48	CellzDirect

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

6. Bile salt sulfotransferase

General Function:: Sulfotransferase activity
Specific Function:: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands.
Gene Name:: SULT2A1
Uniprot ID:: Q06520
Molecular Weight:: 33779.57 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	5.46 uM	CLZD_SULT2A1_48	CellzDirect

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

7. Cytochrome P450 3A4

General Function:: Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide (PubMed:11159812). Catalyzes 4-beta-hydroxylation of cholesterol. May catalyze 25-hydroxylation of cholesterol in vitro (PubMed:21576599).
Gene Name:: CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:: P08684
Molecular Weight:: 57342.67 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	8.82 uM	CLZD_CYP3A4_24	CellzDirect
AC50	6.29 uM	CLZD_CYP3A4_48	CellzDirect

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Target Details

8. Cytochrome P450 2B6

General Function:: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
Gene Name:: CYP2B6
Uniprot ID:: P20813
Molecular Weight:: 56277.81 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
AC50	6.55 uM	CLZD_CYP2B6_48	CellzDirect

References

Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]

Bromacil (T3D3801)

Structure for T3D3801: Bromacil

Targets

Binding/Activity Constants

References

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