4615
T3D4561
Amobarbital
A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)
57-43-2
2164
C11H18N2O3
White powder.
157 °C
603 mg/L (at 25 °C)
Amobarbital (like all barbiturates) works by binding to the GABAA receptor at either the alpha or the beta sub unit. These are binding sites that are distinct from GABA itself and also distinct from the benzodiazepine binding site. Like benzodiazepines, barbiturates potentiate the effect of GABA at this receptor. This GABAA receptor binding decreases input resistance, depresses burst and tonic firing, especially in ventrobasal and intralaminar neurons, while at the same time increasing burst duration and mean conductance at individual chloride channels; this increases both the amplitude and decay time of inhibitory postsynaptic currents. In addition to this GABA-ergic effect, barbiturates also block the AMPA receptor, a subtype of glutamate receptor. Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. Amobarbital also appears to bind neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
2014-08-30T21:04:32Z
2014-12-24T20:26:52Z
Amobarbital
C07536
2673
DB01351
true
CCC1(CCC(C)C)C(O)=NC(=O)N=C1O
C11H18N2O3
InChI=1S/C11H18N2O3/c1-4-11(6-5-7(2)3)8(14)12-10(16)13-9(11)15/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3,(H2,12,13,14,15,16)
InChIKey=VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
226.2722
226.131742452
Exogenous
Solid
2.07
CHEMBL267894
2079