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Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2014-09-11 05:21:03 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:26:59 UTC
Accession NumberT3D4890
Identification
Common NameGamma-terpinene
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionThe terpinenes are three isomeric hydrocarbons that are classified as terpenes. Gamma-terpinene is one these three isomeric hydrocarbons. It is natural and has been isolated from a variety of plant sources (Wikipedia). It is a major component of essential oils made from Citrus Fruits and has strong antioxidant activity. It has a lemon odor and widely used in food, flavours, soaps, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, tabacco, confectionery and perfume industries (http://www.gyanflavoursexport.com).
Compound Type
  • Cosmetic Toxin
  • Food Toxin
  • Metabolite
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
  • Plant Toxin
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Synonym
1,4-p-Menthadiene
1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-Isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-Methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,4-diene
4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
alpha Terpinene
Crithmene
g-Terpinene
gamma Terpinene
gamma-Terpinen
gamma-Terpinene
Gamma-Terpinene
Moslene
p-Mentha-1,4-diene
Terpinene
γ-Terpinene
Chemical FormulaC10H16
Average Molecular Mass136.234 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass136.125 g/mol
CAS Registry Number99-85-4
IUPAC Name1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,4-diene
Traditional Nameα terpinene
SMILESCC(C)C1=CCC(C)=CC1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,7-8H,5-6H2,1-3H3
InChI KeyInChIKey=YKFLAYDHMOASIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched unsaturated hydrocarbons. These are hydrocarbons that contains one or more unsaturated carbon atoms, and an aliphatic branch.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassHydrocarbons
ClassUnsaturated hydrocarbons
Sub ClassBranched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Direct ParentBranched unsaturated hydrocarbons
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Cyclic olefin
  • Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
  • Olefin
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point-10 °C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility0.00868 mg/mL at 22 °C
LogP4.50
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.54 g/LALOGPS
logP4.36ALOGPS
logP3.16ChemAxon
logS-2.4ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity47.55 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.61 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9200000000-b05d52aa0731550051f62017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9400000000-a5cb265912cd3b36ec3f2017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9500000000-2b0e829aa7638afa325e2017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9200000000-b05d52aa0731550051f62018-05-18View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9400000000-a5cb265912cd3b36ec3f2018-05-18View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9500000000-2b0e829aa7638afa325e2018-05-18View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-Q (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9200000000-85beacebb887bcf224462020-07-08View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9300000000-78ed493eae24d7cd72472016-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0019-8900000000-4f8f18604be188d356c82012-07-25View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-015c-9000000000-7cd3ebd6c5315af11ec52012-07-25View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-002f-9000000000-796d72dfa199c02320d22012-07-25View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positivesplash10-0006-9200000000-ddf6ab2c599f6a3a0e042012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positivesplash10-0006-9400000000-701e197e734bd825ea092012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positivesplash10-0006-9500000000-156890c59245ff11b54d2012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-Q-TOF/MS 25V, negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-98cfc7dd6d4b6ccbba0b2020-07-21View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-Q-TOF/MS 30V, negativesplash10-0019-2900000000-898e1880d94396f2ba762020-07-21View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-2900000000-7132f17a85333e7849562015-04-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9700000000-f4bee8ac3721685bb6062015-04-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-1000-9100000000-dbeffc46ec6acbacb6ef2015-04-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-545d284bbb3189d5973d2015-04-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-838b737755ef4340d8a22015-04-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00ku-6900000000-6351b5255caae6105b152015-04-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000m-9500000000-380389192d752a66b55d2021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0036-9000000000-6d366a78065dacee15ff2021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00mo-9000000000-ce8dcdbeb3aaa0e182052021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-a013b4ae27f975ab56212021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-a013b4ae27f975ab56212021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00kf-9600000000-571ac1102d9ec6dc48522021-09-23View Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0006-9300000000-97923633c0b05f03274f2014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 90 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50.32 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-23View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2016-10-22View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2016-10-22View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesNot Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB05806
PubChem Compound ID7461
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL449693
ChemSpider ID7181
KEGG IDC09900
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID10577
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTerpinene
References
Synthesis ReferenceRichter, Friedrich; Wolff, Werner; Presting, W. g-Terpinene. II. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft [Abteilung] B: Abhandlungen (1930), 63B 1714-21. CODEN: BDCBAD ISSN:0365-9488. CAN 24:46537 AN 1930:46537
MSDSLink
General ReferencesNot Available
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

General Function:
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:
Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.
Gene Name:
ESR1
Uniprot ID:
P03372
Molecular Weight:
66215.45 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
AC501.85 uMACEA_T47D_80hr_PositiveACEA Biosciences
References
  1. Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]