1824 Selenium Sulfide Selenium Sulfide is an antifungal agent as well as a cytostatic agent, slowing the growth of hyperproliferative cells in seborrhea. Selenium Sulfide is the active ingredient often used in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and tinea capitis, a fungal infection that is primarily a disease of preadolescent children. 7446-34-6 24011 SSe 111.888590 Orange/yellow powder. 100°C Practically insoluble Oral (L619) ; Inhalation (L619) ; Dermal (L619) There is no substantial absorption through intact skin. Absorption has been reported in patients with open lesions on the scalp or in patients using a 1% cream on the back - a patient with scalp lesions that used selenium shampoos had a level of selenium sulfide as high as 32 μg/ml in her urine. Selenium sulfide can be decomposed to selenium ions. Selenium readily substitutes for sulfur in biomolecules and in many biochemical reactions, especially when the concentration of selenium is high and the concentration of sulfur is low. Inactivation of the sulfhydryl enzymes necessary for oxidative reactions in cellular respiration, through effects on mitochondrial and microsomal electron transport, might contribute to acute selenium toxicity. Selenomethionine (a common organic selenium compound) also appears to randomly substitute for methionine in protein synthesis. This substitution may affect the structure and functionability of the protein, for example, by altering disulfide bridges. Inorganic forms of selenium appear to react with tissue thiols by redox catalysis, resulting in formation of reactive oxygen species and causing damage by oxidative stress. (L619) Selenium may be absorbed through inhalation and ingestion, while some selenium compounds may also be absorbed dermally. Once in the body, selenium is distributed mainly to the liver and kidney. Selenium is an essential micronutrient and is a component of glutathione peroxidase, iodothyronine 5'-deiodinases, and thioredoxin reductase. Organic selenium is first metabolized into inorganic selenium. Inorganic selenium is reduced stepwise to the intermediate hydrogen selenide, which is either incorporated into selenoproteins after being transformed to selenophosphate and selenocysteinyl tRNA or excreted into the urine after being transformed into methylated metabolites of selenide. Elemental selenium is also methylated before excretion. Selenium is primarily eliminated in the urine and feces, but certain selenium compounds may also be exhaled. (L619) LD50: 138 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T59) 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135) SELSUN®, a liquid antiseborrheic, antifungal preparation for topical application. Treatment of tinea versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis of scalp and treatment of dandruff. (L1522) Chronic Oral: 0.005 mg/kg/day (L134) Chronic oral exposure to high concentrations of selenium compounds can produce a disease called selenosis. The major signs of selenosis are hair loss, nail brittleness, and neurological abnormalities (such as numbness and other odd sensations in the extremities). Animal studies have shown that selenium may also affect sperm production and the female reproductive cycle. (L619) No documented reports of serious toxicity in humans resulting from acute ingestion of selenium sulfide, however, acute toxicity studies in animals suggest that ingestion of large amounts could result in potential human toxicity. (L1522) Evacuation of the stomach contents should be considered in cases of acute oral ingestion. (L1712) 2009-06-22T16:08:39Z 2014-12-24T20:24:41Z Selenium_sulfide Selenium Sulfide DB00971 1295 true S=[Se] SSe InChI=1S/SSe/c1-2 InChIKey=VIDTVPHHDGRGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 111.03 111.888592518 Exogenous Solid HMDB15106 CHEMBL1200680 22444