2497 Muscimol Muscimol (Agarin, Pantherine) is the major psychoactive alkaloid present in many mushrooms of the Amanita genus. Unlike psilocybin, a tryptamine, muscimol is a potent, selective agonist of the GABAA receptor. Amanita muscaria contains two main active ingredients, Ibotenic acid and its derivative Muscimol. Muscimol is the product of the decarboxylation or drying of ibotenic acid and it is thought that muscimol is as much as ten times more potent than ibotenic acid. (L1142) 18174-72-6 205536 C4H6N2O2 193.969090 White powder. 184-185°C Solubility in water: very soluble Solubility in ethanol: slightly soluble Solubility in methanol: very soluble Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (A3101) Muscimol is a potent GABAA agonist, activating the receptor for the brain's major inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. Muscimol actually binds to the same binding site on the GABAA receptor complex as GABA itself, as opposed to other GABAergic drugs such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines which bind to separate regulatory sites. GABAA receptors are widely distributed in the brain, and so when muscimol is administered, it alters neuronal activity in multiple regions including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. However while muscimol is conventionally thought of as a selective GABAA agonist, it is also a potent partial agonist at the GABAC receptor, and so its effects profile results from a combined action at both targets. (L1142) LD50: 3.8 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (L1142) LD50: 2.5 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (L1142) LD50: 4.5 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (L1142) LD50: 45 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L1142) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Muscimol is produced naturally in the mushrooms Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina, and Amanita gemmata, along with muscarine, muscazone, and ibotenic acid. (L1142) Muscimol is neurotoxic and produces hallucinations. (L1142) Muscimol is hallucinogenic. (L1142) 2009-07-03T21:01:06Z 2014-12-24T20:25:31Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscimol 25520 Muscimol true NCC1=CC(O)=NO1 C4H6N2O2 InChI=1S/C4H6N2O2/c5-2-3-1-4(7)6-8-3/h1H,2,5H2,(H,6,7) InChIKey=ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 114.1026 114.042927446 Exogenous Solid