2946 Phenmetrazine A sympathomimetic drug used primarily as an appetite depressant. Its actions and mechanisms are similar to dextroamphetamine. [PubChem] 134-49-6 4762 C11H15NO 177.115360 White powder. 139°C >5 mg/L Readily absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract and buccal mucosa. Phenmetrazine is thought to block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neuron leading to an increase in the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space. Dopamine integrates incoming sensory stimuli, initiates and controls fine movement (nigro-neostriatal pathway), controls emotional behavior (midbrain mesolimbic-forebrain system) and controls hypothalamic-pituitary endocrine system (tubero-infundibular system). It is this latter effect on the tubero-infundibular systm that seems to lead to reduced food intake. Phenmetrazine also acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Primarily hepatic (via CYP3A and CYP2D6). Resistant to metabolism by monoamine oxidase. Metabolism involves deamination to para-hydroxyamphetamine and phenylacetone; this latter compound is subsequently oxidize to benzoic acid and excreted as glucuronide or glycine (hippuric acid) conjugate. Smaller amounts of amphetamine are converted to norephedrine by oxidation. Half Life: 16 to 31 hours Adult monkeys have an LD₅₀ of 15 to 20 mg/kg, whereas for young monkeys the LD₅₀ is only 5 mg/kg. (A308) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Used as an anorectic in the treatment of obesity. Using large amounts of these drugs can result in a condition known as amphetamine psychosis -- which can result in auditory, visual and tactile hallucinations, intense paranoia, irrational thoughts and beliefs, delusions, and mental confusion. Symptoms of overdose include acute central nervous system stimulation, cardiotoxicity causing tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypertension, and cardiovascular collapse. Whilst some patients show signs of toxicity at blood concentrations of 20 µg/L, chronic abusers of amphetamine have been known to have blood concentration of up to 3000 µg/L. 2009-07-21T20:27:45Z 2014-12-24T20:25:53Z Phenmetrazine C07432 8067 Phenmetrazine DB00830 true CC1NCCOC1C1=CC=CC=C1 C11H15NO InChI=1/C11H15NO/c1-9-11(13-8-7-12-9)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-6,9,11-12H,7-8H2,1H3 InChIKey=OOBHFESNSZDWIU-UHFFFAOYNA-N 177.2429 177.115364107 Exogenous Solid 1.7 HMDB14968 4598