3043 Halothane A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. nitrous oxide is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178) 151-67-7 3562 C2HBrClF3 195.890220 50-50.5°C 50.2°C 4070 mg/L (at 25°C) inhalation Halothane causes general anaethesia due to its actions on multiple ion channels, which ultimately depresses nerve conduction, breathing, cardiac contractility. Its immobilizing effects have been attributed to its binding to potassium channels in cholinergic neurons. Halothane's effect are also likely due to binding to NMDA and calcium channels, causing hyperpolarization. Halothane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Halothane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. Also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Halothane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca²⁺ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor. Halothane is metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP2E1, and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4 and CYP2A6. No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). For the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia Damage or injury to the liver. Asymptomatic - mild liver damage, nausea, vomitting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite. In the event of overdosage, or what may appear to be overdosage, drug administration should be stopped, and assisted or controlled ventilation with pure oxygen initiated. There is no specific antidote. Treatment should be aimed at maintaining respiratory function (by moving the patient to fresh air or inserting an emergency airway with respiratory support) and cardiovascular function. Cases of internal ingestion must be treated symptomatically. (L1712) 2009-07-21T20:28:29Z 2014-12-24T20:25:55Z Halothane C07515 5615 Halothane DB01159 true FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Br C2HBrClF3 InChI=1/C2HBrClF3/c3-1(4)2(5,6)7/h1H InChIKey=BCQZXOMGPXTTIC-UHFFFAOYNA-N 197.382 195.890225001 Exogenous Liquid 2.3 HMDB15290 CHEMBL931 3441 <p>U.S. Patents 2,849,502, 2,921,098, 2,959,624, 3,082,263.</p>