<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <id type="integer">3080</id>
  <title>T3D3038</title>
  <common-name>Butethal</common-name>
  <description>Butethal is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a sedative and a hypnotic drug.Butethal binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ionopore at the GABA&lt;sub&gt;A&lt;/sub&gt; receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. All of these effects are associated with marked decreases in GABA-sensitive neuronal calcium conductance (gCa). The net result of barbiturate action is acute potentiation of inhibitory GABAergic tone. Barbiturates also act through potent (if less well characterized) and direct inhibition of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors, resulting in a profound suppression of glutamatergic neurotransmission.</description>
  <cas>77-28-1</cas>
  <pubchem-id>6473</pubchem-id>
  <chemical-formula>C10H16N2O3</chemical-formula>
  <weight>212.116090</weight>
  <appearance>White powder.</appearance>
  <melting-point>128.5°C</melting-point>
  <boiling-point nil="true"/>
  <density nil="true"/>
  <solubility>4880 mg/L (at 25°C)</solubility>
  <specific-gravity nil="true"/>
  <flash-point nil="true"/>
  <vapour-pressure nil="true"/>
  <route-of-exposure>Rapidly absorbed following oral administration. Parenteral (intraperitroneal injection or infusion).</route-of-exposure>
  <target nil="true"/>
  <mechanism-of-toxicity>Butethal binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ionopore at the GABA&lt;sub&gt;A&lt;/sub&gt; receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. All of these effects are associated with marked decreases in GABA-sensitive neuronal calcium conductance (gCa). The net result of barbiturate action is acute potentiation of inhibitory GABAergic tone. Barbiturates also act through potent (if less well characterized) and direct inhibition of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors, resulting in a profound suppression of glutamatergic neurotransmission.</mechanism-of-toxicity>
  <metabolism>Hepatic.Half Life: 37 hours</metabolism>
  <toxicity>LD50: 1.506 mM/kg (i.p., mice) (L1868)</toxicity>
  <lethaldose nil="true"/>
  <carcinogenicity>No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).</carcinogenicity>
  <use-source>For the treatment of insomnia.</use-source>
  <min-risk-level nil="true"/>
  <health-effects>They cause slurred speech, disorientation and "drunken" behavior. They are physically and psychologically addictive. They cause slurred speech, disorientation and "drunken" behavior. They are physically and psychologically addictive.</health-effects>
  <symptoms>Signs of overdose include confusion (severe), decrease in or loss of reflexes, drowsiness (severe), fever, irritability (continuing), low body temperature, poor judgment, shortness of breath or slow or troubled breathing, slow heartbeat, slurred speech, staggering, trouble in sleeping, unusual movements of the eyes, weakness (severe).</symptoms>
  <treatment nil="true"/>
  <created-at type="dateTime">2009-07-21T20:28:47Z</created-at>
  <updated-at type="dateTime">2014-12-24T20:25:56Z</updated-at>
  <interacting-proteins nil="true"/>
  <wikipedia>Butobarbital</wikipedia>
  <uniprot-id></uniprot-id>
  <kegg-compound-id></kegg-compound-id>
  <omim-id></omim-id>
  <chebi-id>519412</chebi-id>
  <biocyc-id></biocyc-id>
  <ctd-id nil="true"/>
  <stitch-id>Butethal</stitch-id>
  <drugbank-id>DB01353</drugbank-id>
  <pdb-id></pdb-id>
  <actor-id nil="true"/>
  <organism nil="true"/>
  <export type="boolean">true</export>
  <metabolizing-proteins nil="true"/>
  <transporting-proteins nil="true"/>
  <moldb-smiles>CCCCC1(CC)C(O)=NC(=O)N=C1O</moldb-smiles>
  <moldb-formula>C10H16N2O3</moldb-formula>
  <moldb-inchi>InChI=1S/C10H16N2O3/c1-3-5-6-10(4-2)7(13)11-9(15)12-8(10)14/h3-6H2,1-2H3,(H2,11,12,13,14,15)</moldb-inchi>
  <moldb-inchikey>InChIKey=STDBAQMTJLUMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N</moldb-inchikey>
  <moldb-average-mass type="decimal">212.2456</moldb-average-mass>
  <moldb-mono-mass type="decimal">212.116092388</moldb-mono-mass>
  <origin>Exogenous</origin>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <logp>1.73</logp>
  <hmdb-id>HMDB15442</hmdb-id>
  <chembl-id>CHEMBL404422</chembl-id>
  <chemspider-id>6229</chemspider-id>
  <structure-image-file-name nil="true"/>
  <structure-image-content-type nil="true"/>
  <structure-image-file-size type="integer" nil="true"/>
  <structure-image-updated-at type="dateTime" nil="true"/>
  <biodb-id nil="true"/>
  <synthesis-reference></synthesis-reference>
  <structure-image-caption nil="true"/>
</compound>
