T3DB: Plutonium-240

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Gene Regulation Targets (1)XML

Targets (1)

Record Information

Version

2.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:58:09 UTC

Update Date

2014-12-24 20:21:12 UTC

Accession Number

T3D0140

Identification

Common Name

Plutonium-240

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Plutonium is an element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is a rare transuranic radioactive element that normally exhibits six allotropes and four oxidation states. It is also a radioactive poison that accumulates in bone marrow. Plutonium-240 has a high rate of spontaneous fission, raising the background neutron radiation of plutonium containing it. Plutonium is graded by proportion of Pu-240. Lower grades are less suited for nuclear weapons and thermal reactors but can fuel fast reactors. Pu-240 is not fissile, but is fertile material like U-238. (6)

Compound Type

Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Inorganic Compound
Metal
Natural Compound
Plutonium Compound
Pollutant
Radioactive
Radioactive Isotope

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym
(240)Pu
240Pu
Plutonium 240
Plutonium, isotope of mass 240

Chemical Formula

Average Molecular Mass

240.054 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

240.054 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

14119-33-6

IUPAC Name

(²⁴⁰Pu)plutonium

Traditional Name

(²⁴⁰Pu)plutonium

SMILES

[240Pu]

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/Pu/i1-4

InChI Key

InChIKey=OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-AHCXROLUSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous actinide compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Homogeneous metal compounds

Class

Homogeneous actinide compounds

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Homogeneous actinide compounds

Alternative Parents

Not Available

Substituents

Homogeneous actinide

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

Not Available

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Appearance

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available
LogP	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	0	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	0 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	1.78 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-000i-0090000000-3e228917de618e678df1	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-000i-0090000000-3e228917de618e678df1	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-000i-0090000000-3e228917de618e678df1	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-0090000000-7d39ee3442df3fef5b77	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-000i-0090000000-7d39ee3442df3fef5b77	2016-08-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-000i-0090000000-7d39ee3442df3fef5b77	2016-08-03	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Oral (3) ; Inhalation (3)

Mechanism of Toxicity

The alpha radiation plutonium emits does not penetrate the skin but can irradiate internal organs when plutonium is inhaled or ingested. Particularly at risk are the skeleton, where it is likely to be absorbed by the bone surface, and the liver, where it collects and becomes concentrated. The ionizing radiation produced by plutonium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (7, 8)

Metabolism

Plutonium-240 can affect the body following ingestion or inhalation. When inhaled, Pu-240 distributes to the lungs, liver and skeleton. Ingested plutonium is found in the liver and bone. Plutonium metabolism consists primarily of hydrolytic reactions and formation of complexes with protein and nonprotein ligands, such as albumin, globulins, ferritin, citrate, and lactate. Plutonium is excreted in feces and urine. (8)

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

1, carcinogenic to humans. (1)

Uses/Sources

Plutonium-240 has a high rate of spontaneous fission, raising the background neutron radiation of plutonium containing it. Plutonium is graded by proportion of Pu-240. Lower grades are less suited for nuclear weapons and thermal reactors but can fuel fast reactors. (6)

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Health Effects

Plutonium's radioactivity can cause cancers of the bone, liver, and lungs if ingested or inhaled. Large amounts may also cause acute radiation poisoning. (6, 8)

Symptoms

Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (7, 5)

Treatment

Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (5)

Normal Concentrations

Not Available

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound ID

104728

ChEMBL ID

Not Available

ChemSpider ID

94545

KEGG ID

Not Available

UniProt ID

Not Available

OMIM ID

ChEBI ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

CTD ID

Not Available

Stitch ID

Plutonium-240

PDB ID

Not Available

ACToR ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

General References

International Agency for Research on Cancer (2014). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. [Link]
The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory of Oxford University (2003). Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for barium sulfide. [Link]
Wikipedia. Copper. Last Updated 29 May 2009. [Link]
ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2004). Toxicological profile for copper. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]
Wikipedia. Radiation poisoning. Last Updated 22 August 2009. [Link]
Wikipedia. Plutonium. Last Updated 18 August 2009. [Link]
ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for ionizing radiation. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]
ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2007). Toxicological profile for plutonium. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]

Gene Regulation

Up-Regulated Genes

Not Available

Down-Regulated Genes

Not Available

Targets

1. DNA

General Function:: Used for biological information storage.
Specific Function:: DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.
Molecular Weight:: 2.15 x 10¹² Da

References

ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for ionizing radiation. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]

Plutonium-240 (T3D0140)

Structure for T3D0140: Plutonium-240

Targets

References