| Record Information |
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| Version | 2.0 |
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| Creation Date | 2009-07-03 22:19:10 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2014-12-24 20:25:39 UTC |
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| Accession Number | T3D2524 |
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| Identification |
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| Common Name | Slotoxin |
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| Class | Protein |
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| Description | Slotoxin is a peptide from Centruroides noxius Hoffmann scorpion venom. It belongs to the short scorpion toxin superfamily. Slotoxin reversibly blocks the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels composed of only ‘±-subunits (Kd = 1.5 nM). Unreversibly blocks the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels composed of ‘±- and beta1-subunits. Unreversibly and weakly blocks the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels composed of ‘±- and beta4-subunits. It shows no activity on other potassium channels. |
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| Compound Type | - Amide
- Amine
- Animal Toxin
- Natural Compound
- Organic Compound
- Protein
- Scorpion Toxin
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| Protein Structure |  |
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| Synonyms | | Synonym | | PS-Sc(OTf)2 | | Scandium triflate | | Scandium triflate resin | | Scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate | | Scandium(III) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate), polymer-bound | | Scandium(III) triflate | | Scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate | | Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid scandium salt |
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| Chemical Formula | Not Available |
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| Average Molecular Mass | 4091.850 g/mol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 144026-79-9 |
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| Sequence | Not Available |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Not Available |
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| Kingdom | Organic Compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic Acids |
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| Class | Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues |
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| Direct Parent | Peptides |
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| Alternative Parents | Not Available |
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| Substituents | Not Available |
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| Molecular Framework | Not Available |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Biological Properties |
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| Status | Detected and Not Quantified |
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| Origin | Exogenous |
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| Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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| Biofluid Locations | Not Available |
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| Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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| Pathways | Not Available |
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| Applications | Not Available |
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| Biological Roles | Not Available |
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| Chemical Roles | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Liquid |
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| Appearance | Clear solution. |
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| Experimental Properties | | Property | Value |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | | Solubility | >10 mg/mL | | LogP | Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties | Not Available |
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| Spectra |
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| Spectra | Not Available |
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| Toxicity Profile |
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| Route of Exposure | Injection (sting/bite) (7) |
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| Mechanism of Toxicity | Slotoxin reversibly blocks the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels composed of only alpha-subunits and irreversibly blocks the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels composed of alpha- and beta1- or beta4- subunits. (6) |
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| Metabolism | Free toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases. |
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| Toxicity Values | LD50: 0.31 mg/kg (Intravenous, Mouse) (1) |
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| Lethal Dose | Not Available |
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| Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
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| Uses/Sources | Slotoxin is a peptide toxin produced by the Mexican scorpion (Centruroides noxius). (6) |
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| Minimum Risk Level | Not Available |
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| Health Effects | Slotoxin is neurotoxic. (6) |
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| Symptoms | Scorpion stings cause tingling or burning at the site of the sting. In more severe cases, symptoms may include spasm in the throat, feeling of thick tongue, restlessness, muscular fibrillation, abdominal cramps, convulsions, incontinence, hypertension, hypotension, oliguria, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. (2) |
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| Treatment | An antivenom exists for Mexican scorpion stings. (5) |
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| Normal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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| Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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| External Links |
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| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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| HMDB ID | Not Available |
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| PubChem Compound ID | 2734571 |
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| ChEMBL ID | Not Available |
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| ChemSpider ID | 2016319 |
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| KEGG ID | Not Available |
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| UniProt ID | P0C182 |
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| OMIM ID | |
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| ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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| CTD ID | Not Available |
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| Stitch ID | Slotoxin |
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| PDB ID | Not Available |
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| ACToR ID | Not Available |
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| Wikipedia Link | Slotoxin |
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| References |
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| Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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| MSDS | T3D2524.pdf |
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| General References | - Johnson GJ, Leis LA, Dunlop PC, Weir EK: The effect of the anorectic agent, d-fenfluramine, and its primary metabolite, d-norfenfluramine, on intact human platelet serotonin uptake and efflux. J Thromb Haemost. 2003 Dec;1(12):2663-8. [14675103 ]
- Perham RN: Swinging arms and swinging domains in multifunctional enzymes: catalytic machines for multistep reactions. Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;69:961-1004. [10966480 ]
- Dreisbach, RH (1983). Handbook of Poisoning. Los Altos, California: Lange Medical Publications.
- Hassan F (1984). Production of scorpion antivenom. In: Tu AT (ed). Handbook of Toxins. Insects Poisons, Allergens and Other Invertebrate Venoms. Vol. 2. New York: Marcel Dekker.
- Wikipedia. Antivenom. Last Updated 1 July 2009. [Link]
- Wikipedia. Slotoxin. Last Updated 13 May 2009. [Link]
- Wikipedia. Scorpion toxin. Last Updated 12 July 2009. [Link]
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| Gene Regulation |
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| Up-Regulated Genes | Not Available |
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| Down-Regulated Genes | Not Available |
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