Perfringolysin O (T3D2601)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (1)XML
Targets (1)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-06 18:11:27 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:45 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2601
Identification
Common NamePerfringolysin O
ClassProtein
DescriptionPerfringolysin O (PFO) or theta-toxin is produced by Clostridium perfringens. It is a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin family. (1)
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Bacterial Toxin
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
  • Protein
Protein StructureT3d2601
Synonyms
Synonym
Pfo
Theta-toxin
Thiol-activated cytolysin
Chemical FormulaNot Available
Average Molecular Mass55829.405 g/mol
CAS Registry Number71329-60-7
SequenceNot Available
Chemical Taxonomy
DescriptionNot Available
KingdomOrganic Compounds
Super ClassOrganic Acids
ClassCarboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub ClassAmino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct ParentPeptides
Alternative ParentsNot Available
SubstituentsNot Available
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceClear solution.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility>10 mg/mL
LogPNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureIngestion (4) ; inhalation (4) ; dermal (4)
Mechanism of ToxicityPerfringolysin O binds to cholesterol on eukaryotic cell membranes, then forms oligomeric pores. This causes membrane damage and lysis of the cell. (1)
MetabolismFree toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases.
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 13-16 ug/mg (Intravenous, Mouse) (2)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesPerfringolysin O (PFO) is produced by Clostridium perfringens. (1)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsPerfringolysin O (PFO) is produced by Clostridium perfringens. Clostridium perfringens can cause infections producing tissue necrosis and clostridial myonecrosis. Ingestion causes food poisoning. (1, 3)
SymptomsIngestion of Clostridium perfringens causes food poisoning characterized by colic, diarrhoea and sometimes nausea. Infections show evidence of tissue necrosis, bacteremia, emphysematous cholecystitis, and gas gangrene, which is also known as clostridial myonecrosis. (3)
TreatmentClostridium perfringens infections can be treated with antibiotics. (3)
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
PubChem Compound IDNot Available
ChEMBL IDNot Available
ChemSpider IDNot Available
KEGG IDNot Available
UniProt IDP0C2E9
OMIM ID
ChEBI IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDPerfringolysin O
PDB ID1M3I
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDST3D2601.pdf
General References
  1. Waheed AA, Shimada Y, Heijnen HF, Nakamura M, Inomata M, Hayashi M, Iwashita S, Slot JW, Ohno-Iwashita Y: Selective binding of perfringolysin O derivative to cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains (rafts). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Apr 24;98(9):4926-31. Epub 2001 Apr 17. [11309501 ]
  2. Gill DM: Bacterial toxins: a table of lethal amounts. Microbiol Rev. 1982 Mar;46(1):86-94. [6806598 ]
  3. Wikipedia. Clostridium perfringens. Last Updated 10 August 2009. [Link]
  4. Wikipedia. Bacterial toxin. Last Updated 27 February 2009. [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. Cholesterol
References
  1. Waheed AA, Shimada Y, Heijnen HF, Nakamura M, Inomata M, Hayashi M, Iwashita S, Slot JW, Ohno-Iwashita Y: Selective binding of perfringolysin O derivative to cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains (rafts). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Apr 24;98(9):4926-31. Epub 2001 Apr 17. [11309501 ]