Encainide (T3D4738)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (1)XML
Targets (1)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2014-09-11 05:14:08 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:26:56 UTC
Accession NumberT3D4738
Identification
Common NameEncainide
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionAll drug products containing encainide hydrochloride. Encainide hydrochloride, formerly marketed as Enkaid capsules, was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack. The manufacturer of Enkaid capsules voluntarily withdrew the product from the US market on December 16, 1991.
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agent
  • Drug
  • Ester
  • Ether
  • Organic Compound
  • Sodium Channel Blocker
  • Synthetic Compound
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blocker
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
Synonym
(+-)-2'-[2-(1-Methyl-2-piperidyl)ethyl]-P-anisanilide
(+-)-4-Methoxy-N-(2-(2-(1-methyl-2-piperidinyl)ethyl)phenyl)benzamide
4-Methoxy-2'-[2-(1-methyl-2-piperidyl)ethyl]benzanilide
4-Methoxy-N-{2-[2-(1-methyl-piperidin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide
Encainida
Encainidum
Enkaid
Chemical FormulaC22H28N2O2
Average Molecular Mass352.470 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass352.215 g/mol
CAS Registry Number66778-36-7
IUPAC Name4-methoxy-N-{2-[2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl}benzamide
Traditional Nameencainide
SMILESCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1CCC1CCCCN1C
InChI IdentifierInChI=1/C22H28N2O2/c1-24-16-6-5-8-19(24)13-10-17-7-3-4-9-21(17)23-22(25)18-11-14-20(26-2)15-12-18/h3-4,7,9,11-12,14-15,19H,5-6,8,10,13,16H2,1-2H3,(H,23,25)
InChI KeyInChIKey=PJWPNDMDCLXCOM-UHFFFAOYNA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzanilides. These are aromatic compounds containing an anilide group in which the carboxamide group is substituted with a benzene ring. They have the general structure RNC(=O)R', where R,R'= benzene.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassAnilides
Direct ParentBenzanilides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzanilide
  • Benzamide
  • Benzoic acid or derivatives
  • Alkaloid or derivatives
  • Anisole
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Benzoyl
  • Phenol ether
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Aralkylamine
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Piperidine
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxamide group
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Tertiary amine
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Ether
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
LogP4
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.004 g/LALOGPS
logP4.29ALOGPS
logP4.49ChemAxon
logS-4.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.37ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.48ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area41.57 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count6ChemAxon
Refractivity107.77 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability41.04 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-052n-9311000000-985044a85c7ca1fc46012017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0udi-0019000000-c3aba8c66a81550a1bc52016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0udi-4489000000-fb4fa7dd76074a1474222016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0pbc-9741000000-30c243030c2a40b68b442016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0udi-0009000000-ace9a97974ab75eb724b2016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0udi-1219000000-8488789ae9ebc4c00e172016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9511000000-c16ae5ec1e6ea9df3fb72016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0udr-0509000000-1dacce0088b2fb6df4522021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-2922000000-d0a2447f1a18ba018bdd2021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0aov-9500000000-bcebe1c95f279236a4172021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0udi-0009000000-af987e6024645b1a42dc2021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0zfr-4449000000-97433c4f98db5b1741972021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9231000000-7c8bacd1fef271451d2b2021-10-11View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityEncainide is a sodium channel blocker, binding to voltage gated sodium channels. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses. Ventricular excitability is depressed and the stimulation threshold of the ventricle is increased during diastole.
MetabolismRoute of Elimination: A radiolabeled dose of encainide is excreted in approximately equal amounts in the urine and feces. Half Life: 1-2 hours
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesEncainide is a class Ic antiarrhythmic agent which was used for management of irregular heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB01228
HMDB IDNot Available
PubChem Compound IDNot Available
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL570071
ChemSpider IDNot Available
KEGG IDC06978
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID4788
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkEncainide
References
Synthesis Reference

DrugSyn.org

MSDSNot Available
General ReferencesNot Available
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in sa node cell action potential
Specific Function:
This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channel isoform. This channel is responsible for the initial upstroke of the action potential. Channel inactivation is regulated by intracellular calcium levels.
Gene Name:
SCN5A
Uniprot ID:
Q14524
Molecular Weight:
226937.475 Da
References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
  2. Starmer CF, Lastra AA, Nesterenko VV, Grant AO: Proarrhythmic response to sodium channel blockade. Theoretical model and numerical experiments. Circulation. 1991 Sep;84(3):1364-77. [1653123 ]
  3. Guo J, Zhan S, Somers J, Westenbroek RE, Catterall WA, Roach DE, Sheldon RS, Lees-Miller JP, Li P, Shimoni Y, Duff HJ: Decrease in density of INa is in the common final pathway to heart block in murine hearts overexpressing calcineurin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Dec;291(6):H2669-79. Epub 2006 Jun 2. [16751287 ]
  4. Krishnan SC, Josephson ME: ST segment elevation induced by class IC antiarrhythmic agents: underlying electrophysiologic mechanisms and insights into drug-induced proarrhythmia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1998 Nov;9(11):1167-72. [9835260 ]
  5. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [11752352 ]