Browsing Toxins By Category
| T3DB ID | Name CAS Number | Formula Weight | Structure | Type | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T3D4359 | Glutaric acid 110-94-1 | C5H8O4 132.115 g/mol |  |
| Accumulation of glutaric acid in the body has been shown to be toxic. The accumulation of glutaric acid ranging from slightly or intermittently elevated urinary glutar...more Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4461 | Ethylmalonic acid 601-75-2 | C5H8O4 132.115 g/mol |  |
| Ethylmalonic acid is identified in the urine of patients with short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, which is a fatty acid metabolism disorder. Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4365 | L-Leucine 61-90-5 | C6H13NO2 131.173 g/mol |  |
| This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these a...more Number of Targets: 10 |
| T3D4364 | L-Isoleucine 73-32-5 | C6H13NO2 131.173 g/mol |  |
| (Applies to Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine) This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of ca...more Number of Targets: 6 |
| T3D4290 | Creatine 57-00-1 | C4H9N3O2 131.133 g/mol |  |
| In the muscles, a fraction of the total creatine binds to phosphate - forming creatine phosphate. The reaction is catalysed by creatine kinase, and the result is phosp...more Number of Targets: 7 |
| T3D4273 | 5-Aminolevulinic acid 106-60-5 | C5H9NO3 131.130 g/mol |  |
| According to the presumed mechanism of action, photosensitization following application of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) topical solution occurs through the metabolic conv...more Number of Targets: 3 |
| T3D4413 | 4-Hydroxyproline 51-35-4 | C5H9NO3 131.130 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4424 | 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid 1460-34-0 | C6H10O3 130.142 g/mol |  |
| 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is produced from isoleucine by cytosolic branched chain aminotransferase 1, whereupon it is further degraded by branched chain keto acid deh...more Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4426 | Ketoleucine 816-66-0 | C6H10O3 130.142 g/mol |  |
| Ketoleucine is a metabolite that accumulates in Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) and shown to compromise brain energy metabolism by blocking the respiratory chain. Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4358 | Glutaconic acid 1724-02-3 | C5H6O4 130.099 g/mol |  |
| Accumulating trans-glutaconic (TG) acids has been proposed to be involved in the development of the striatal degeneration seen in children with glutaric acidemia type ...more Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4270 | Pyroglutamic acid 98-79-3 | C5H7NO3 129.114 g/mol |  |
| 5-Oxoprolinuria develops in moderate to severe cases of glutathione synthetase deficiency. The deficiency in glutathione synthetase leads to the accumulation of γ-glut...more Number of Targets: 12 |
| T3D4332 | Dihydrothymine 696-04-8 | C5H8N2O2 128.129 g/mol |  |
| Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase catalyzes the reduction of thymine to 5, 6-dihydrothymine then dihydropyrimidinase hydrolyzes 5, 6-dihydrothymine to N-carbamyl-b-alani...more Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4785 | Benzoic acid 65-85-0 | C7H6O2 122.121 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 5 |
| T3D4368 | L-Threonine 72-19-5 | C4H9NO3 119.119 g/mol |  |
| L-Threonine is a precursor to the amino acids glycine and serine. It acts as a lipotropic in controlling fat build-up in the liver. May help combat mental illness and ...more Number of Targets: 3 |
| T3D4263 | 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid 625-08-1 | C5H10O3 118.131 g/mol |  |
| 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is a normal human metabolite excreted in the urine. Elevated levels of this compound are found in several disorders due to impairment of renal...more Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4404 | Methylmalonic acid 516-05-2 | C4H6O4 118.088 g/mol |  |
| Methylmalonic acid is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This me...more Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4453 | Succinic acid 110-15-6 | C4H6O4 118.088 g/mol |  |
| Succinate can inhibit the activities of α-KG–dependent oxygenases (KDMs) and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases. Succinate also mediates allosteric ...more Number of Targets: 41 |
| T3D4370 | L-Valine 72-18-4 | C5H11NO2 117.146 g/mol |  |
| (Applies to Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine) This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of ca...more Number of Targets: 3 |
| T3D4595 | Caproic acid 142-62-1 | C6H12O2 116.158 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4425 | Alpha-ketoisovaleric acid 759-05-7 | C5H8O3 116.115 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 1 |
| T3D4237 | Fumaric acid 110-17-8 | C4H4O4 116.072 g/mol |  |
| Acute Toxicity: Fumarate is also an endogenous electrophile and reacts spontaneously with cysteine residues in proteins by a Michael addition reaction to form S-(2-suc...more Number of Targets: 17 |
| T3D4411 | L-Proline 147-85-3 | C5H9NO2 115.131 g/mol |  |
| Glycogenic, by L-Proline oxidase in the kidney, it is ring-opened and is oxidized to form L-Glutamic acid. L-Ornithine and L-Glutamic acid are converted to L-Proline v...more Number of Targets: 23 |
| T3D4333 | Dihydrouracil 504-07-4 | C4H6N2O2 114.103 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4965 | 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid 2906-39-0 | C5H7NO2 113.115 g/mol |  |
| Not Available Number of Targets: 0 |
| T3D4330 | Glyceric acid 473-81-4 | C3H6O4 106.077 g/mol |  |
| Glyceric acid is a compound that is secreted excessively in the urine by patients suffering from D-glyceric aciduria and D-glycerate anemia. Deficiency of human glycer...more Number of Targets: 1 |