Browsing Toxin Types
Anticholesteremic Agent (5)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2680 | Rosuvastatin | 287714-41-4 | Rosuvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the con...more |
| T3D4784 | Clofibrate | 637-07-0 | Clofibrate increases the activity of extrahepatic lipoprotein lipase (LL), thereby increasing lip...more |
| T3D4787 | Lovastatin | 75330-75-5 | Lovastatin is structurally similar to the HMG, a substituent of the endogenous substrate of HMG-C...more |
| T3D4788 | Simvastatin | 79902-63-9 | Simvastatin is a prodrug in which the 6-membered lactone ring of simvastatin is hydrolyzed in viv...more |
| T3D4980 | Atorvastatin | 134523-00-5 | Atorvastatin selectively and competitively inhibits the hepatic enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. As HMG-...more |
Anticoagulant (10)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2566 | Heparin | 9005-49-6 | Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by the formation of abnormal antibodies that act...more |
| T3D2567 | Warfarin | 81-81-2 | Warfarin inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in depletion of the reduced form of vitamin K (v...more |
| T3D2569 | Enoxaparin | Not Available | The mechanism of action of enoxaparin is antithrombin-dependent. It acts mainly by accelerating t...more |
| T3D2936 | Aspirin | 50-78-2 | The analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid are due to acti...more |
| T3D3105 | Phenprocoumon | 435-97-2 | Phenprocoumon inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in depletion of the reduced form of vitamin...more |
| T3D3106 | Acenocoumarol | 152-72-7 | Acenocoumarol inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in depletion of the reduced form of vitamin...more |
| T3D3107 | Phenindione | 83-12-5 | Phenindione inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in depletion of the reduced form of vitamin K...more |
| T3D3735 | Dicumarol | 66-76-2 | Dicoumarol is an anticoagulant that competitively inhibits vitamin K, preventing the formation of...more |
| T3D4306 | Citric acid | 77-92-9 | Not Available |
| T3D4977 | Edetic Acid | 62-33-9 | The pharmacologic effects of edetate calcium disodium are due to the formation of chelates with d...more |
Anticonvulsant (40)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2558 | Valproic acid | 99-66-1 | Valproic Acid binds to and inhibits GABA transaminase. This leads to increased brain concentratio...more |
| T3D2570 | Lamotrigine | 84057-84-1 | One proposed mechanism of action of Lamotrigine, the relevance of which remains to be established...more |
| T3D2673 | Zaleplon | 151319-34-5 | Zaleplon exerts its action through subunit modulation of the GABABZ receptor chloride channel mac...more |
| T3D2707 | Lorazepam | 846-49-1 | Lorazepam binds to an allosteric site on GABA-A receptors, which are pentameric ionotropic recept...more |
| T3D2728 | Phenytoin | 57-41-0 | Phenytoin acts on sodium channels on the neuronal cell membrane, limiting the spread of seizure a...more |
| T3D2733 | Topiramate | 97240-79-4 | The precise mechanism of action of topiramate is not known. However, studies have shown that topi...more |
| T3D2760 | Trimethadione | 127-48-0 | Dione anticonvulsants reduce T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons, including thalamic rela...more |
| T3D2798 | Metharbital | 50-11-3 | Metharbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor...more |
| T3D2814 | Divalproex sodium | 76584-70-8 | Divalproex binds to and inhibits GABA transaminase. The drug's anticonvulsant activity may be rel...more |
| T3D2826 | Carbamazepine | 298-46-4 | Carbamazepine inhibits sustained repetitive firing by blocking use-dependent sodium channels. Pai...more |
| T3D2834 | Ethosuximide | 77-67-8 | Binds to T-type voltage sensitive calcium channels. Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) med...more |
| T3D2835 | Thiopental | 76-75-5 | Thiopental binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor,...more |
| T3D2839 | Paramethadione | 115-67-3 | Dione anticonvulsants such as paramethadione reduce T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons (...more |
| T3D2842 | Clorazepate | 23887-31-2 | Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and ...more |
| T3D2851 | Magnesium Sulfate | 7487-88-9 | Magnesium is the second most plentiful cation of the intracellular fluids. It is essential for th...more |
| T3D2862 | Tizanidine | 51322-75-9 | Tizanidine reduces spasticity by increasing presynaptic inhibition of motor neurons through agoni...more |
| T3D2875 | Riluzole | 1744-22-5 | The mode of action of riluzole is unknown. Its pharmacological properties include the following, ...more |
| T3D2883 | Ethotoin | 86-35-1 | The mechanism of action is probably very similar to that of phenytoin. The latter drug appears to...more |
| T3D2887 | Oxcarbazepine | 28721-07-5 | The exact mechanism by which oxcarbazepine exerts its anticonvulsant effect is unknown. It is kno...more |
| T3D2900 | Propofol | 2078-54-8 | The action of propofol involves a positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotran...more |
| T3D2903 | Diazepam | 439-14-5 | Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors which mediate sleep, affects mus...more |
| T3D2908 | Progabide | 62666-20-0 | Progabide binds to both GABAA and GABAB receptors located on the terminals of primary afferent fi...more |
| T3D2926 | Tiagabine | 115103-54-3 | Though the exact mechanism by which Tiagabine exerts its effect on the human body is unknown, it ...more |
| T3D2928 | Zonisamide | 68291-97-4 | Zonisamide binds to sodium channels and voltage sensitive calcium channels, which suppresses neur...more |
| T3D2937 | Felbamate | 25451-15-4 | The mechanism by which felbamate exerts its anticonvulsant activity is unknown, but in animal tes...more |
| T3D2952 | Gabapentin | 60142-96-3 | Gabapentin interacts with cortical neurons at auxillary subunits of voltage-sensitive calcium cha...more |
| T3D2972 | Melatonin | 73-31-4 | Melatonin is a derivative of tryptophan. It binds to melatonin receptor type 1A, which then acts ...more |
| T3D2973 | Clonazepam | 1622-61-3 | Allosteric interactions between central benzodiazepine receptors and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB...more |
| T3D2977 | Vigabatrin | 60643-86-9 | Vigabatrin increases brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurot...more |
| T3D2990 | Phenacemide | 63-98-9 | Phenacemide binds to and blocks neuronal sodium channels or voltage sensitive calcium channels. T...more |
| T3D3006 | Phenobarbital | 50-06-6 | Phenobarbital acts on GABAA receptors, increasing synaptic inhibition. This has the effect of ele...more |
| T3D3019 | Levetiracetam | 102767-28-2 | The precise mechanism(s) by which levetiracetam exerts its antiepileptic effect is unknown. The a...more |
| T3D3023 | Estazolam | 29975-16-4 | Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors, which affects affects muscle re...more |
| T3D3036 | Fosphenytoin | 93390-81-9 | Fosphenytoin is a prodrug of phenytoin and accordingly, its anticonvulsant effects are attributab...more |
| T3D3049 | Clotiazepam | 33671-46-4 | Clotiazepam acts at the benzodiazepine receptors (BZD). This agonizes the action of GABA, increas...more |
| T3D3056 | Cinolazepam | 75696-02-5 | Cinolazepam binds to central benzodiazepine receptors which interact allosterically with GABA rec...more |
| T3D3057 | Nitrazepam | 146-22-5 | Nitrazepam belongs to a group of medicines called benzodiazepines. It acts on benzodiazepine rece...more |
| T3D3069 | Methsuximide | 77-41-8 | Methsuximide suppresses the paroxysmal three cycle per second spike and wave activity associated ...more |
| T3D4564 | Clobazam | 22316-47-8 | Clobazam binds at distinct binding sites associated with the chloride ionopore at the post-synapt...more |
| T3D4567 | Delorazepam | 2894-67-9 | Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and ...more |
Antidepressant (23)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2570 | Lamotrigine | 84057-84-1 | One proposed mechanism of action of Lamotrigine, the relevance of which remains to be established...more |
| T3D2705 | Fluvoxamine | 54739-18-3 | The exact mechanism of action of fluvoxamine has not been fully determined, but appears to be lin...more |
| T3D2715 | Citalopram | 59729-33-8 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of citalopram are presumed ...more |
| T3D2720 | Reboxetine | 98769-81-4 | Reboxetine is a selective inhibitor of noradrenaline reuptake. It inhibits noradrenaline reuptake...more |
| T3D2736 | Venlafaxine | 93413-69-5 | The exact mechanism of action of venlafaxine is unknown, but appears to be associated with the it...more |
| T3D2737 | Atomoxetine | 82248-59-7 | The precise mechanism by which atomoxetine produces its therapeutic effects in Attention-Deficit/...more |
| T3D2759 | Protriptyline | 438-60-8 | Protriptyline acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT). |
| T3D2805 | Duloxetine | 136434-34-9 | Duloxetine is a potent inhibitor of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and a less pot...more |
| T3D2818 | Nortriptyline | 72-69-5 | It is believed that nortriptyline either inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin ...more |
| T3D2868 | Paroxetine | 61869-08-7 | Paroxetine is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin reuptake. Paroxetine ...more |
| T3D2870 | Trimipramine | 739-71-9 | Trimipramine's mechanism of action differs from other tricyclic antidepressants. Trimipramine act...more |
| T3D2881 | Tranylcypromine | 155-09-9 | Tranylcypromine irreversibly and nonselectively inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO). Within neurons,...more |
| T3D2889 | Phenelzine | 51-71-8 | Although the exact mechanism of action has not been determined, it appears that the irreversible,...more |
| T3D2908 | Progabide | 62666-20-0 | Progabide binds to both GABAA and GABAB receptors located on the terminals of primary afferent fi...more |
| T3D2934 | Maprotiline | 10262-69-8 | Maprotiline exerts its antidepressant action by inhibition of presynaptic uptake of catecholamine...more |
| T3D2985 | Sertraline | 79617-96-2 | The exact mechanism of action sertraline is not fully known, but the drug appears to selectively ...more |
| T3D2986 | Sibutramine | 106650-56-0 | Sibutramine produces its therapeutic effects by inhibition of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-h...more |
| T3D2993 | Doxepin | 1668-19-5 | The mechanism of action of doxepin is not completely understood. It is thought that like amitript...more |
| T3D2995 | Nefazodone | 83366-66-9 | Within the serotonergic system, nefazodone acts as an antagonist at type 2 serotonin (5-HT2) post...more |
| T3D2996 | Desipramine | 50-47-5 | Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrin...more |
| T3D2999 | Bupropion | 34841-39-9 | Bupropion selectively inhibits the neuronal reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin; ...more |
| T3D3004 | Moclobemide | 71320-77-9 | The mechanism of action of moclobemide involves the selective, reversible inhibition of MAO-A. Th...more |
| T3D3033 | Isocarboxazid | 59-63-2 | Isocarboxazid works by irreversibly blocking the action of a chemical substance known as monoamin...more |
Antidepressant, Second-Generation (11)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2705 | Fluvoxamine | 54739-18-3 | The exact mechanism of action of fluvoxamine has not been fully determined, but appears to be lin...more |
| T3D2715 | Citalopram | 59729-33-8 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of citalopram are presumed ...more |
| T3D2736 | Venlafaxine | 93413-69-5 | The exact mechanism of action of venlafaxine is unknown, but appears to be associated with the it...more |
| T3D2802 | Fluoxetine | 54910-89-3 | Fluoxetine is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibit...more |
| T3D2819 | Amoxapine | 14028-44-5 | Amoxapine acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT). |
| T3D2852 | Trazodone | 19794-93-5 | Trazodone binds at 5-HT2 receptor, it acts as a serotonin agonist at high doses and a serotonin a...more |
| T3D2868 | Paroxetine | 61869-08-7 | Paroxetine is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin reuptake. Paroxetine ...more |
| T3D2934 | Maprotiline | 10262-69-8 | Maprotiline exerts its antidepressant action by inhibition of presynaptic uptake of catecholamine...more |
| T3D2995 | Nefazodone | 83366-66-9 | Within the serotonergic system, nefazodone acts as an antagonist at type 2 serotonin (5-HT2) post...more |
| T3D2999 | Bupropion | 34841-39-9 | Bupropion selectively inhibits the neuronal reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin; ...more |
| T3D3007 | Escitalopram | 128196-01-0 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of escitalopram are presume...more |
Antidepressive Agent (19)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2570 | Lamotrigine | 84057-84-1 | One proposed mechanism of action of Lamotrigine, the relevance of which remains to be established...more |
| T3D2715 | Citalopram | 59729-33-8 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of citalopram are presumed ...more |
| T3D2736 | Venlafaxine | 93413-69-5 | The exact mechanism of action of venlafaxine is unknown, but appears to be associated with the it...more |
| T3D2737 | Atomoxetine | 82248-59-7 | The precise mechanism by which atomoxetine produces its therapeutic effects in Attention-Deficit/...more |
| T3D2818 | Nortriptyline | 72-69-5 | It is believed that nortriptyline either inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin ...more |
| T3D2868 | Paroxetine | 61869-08-7 | Paroxetine is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin reuptake. Paroxetine ...more |
| T3D2870 | Trimipramine | 739-71-9 | Trimipramine's mechanism of action differs from other tricyclic antidepressants. Trimipramine act...more |
| T3D2881 | Tranylcypromine | 155-09-9 | Tranylcypromine irreversibly and nonselectively inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO). Within neurons,...more |
| T3D2889 | Phenelzine | 51-71-8 | Although the exact mechanism of action has not been determined, it appears that the irreversible,...more |
| T3D2908 | Progabide | 62666-20-0 | Progabide binds to both GABAA and GABAB receptors located on the terminals of primary afferent fi...more |
| T3D2934 | Maprotiline | 10262-69-8 | Maprotiline exerts its antidepressant action by inhibition of presynaptic uptake of catecholamine...more |
| T3D2985 | Sertraline | 79617-96-2 | The exact mechanism of action sertraline is not fully known, but the drug appears to selectively ...more |
| T3D2986 | Sibutramine | 106650-56-0 | Sibutramine produces its therapeutic effects by inhibition of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-h...more |
| T3D2993 | Doxepin | 1668-19-5 | The mechanism of action of doxepin is not completely understood. It is thought that like amitript...more |
| T3D2995 | Nefazodone | 83366-66-9 | Within the serotonergic system, nefazodone acts as an antagonist at type 2 serotonin (5-HT2) post...more |
| T3D2996 | Desipramine | 50-47-5 | Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrin...more |
| T3D3004 | Moclobemide | 71320-77-9 | The mechanism of action of moclobemide involves the selective, reversible inhibition of MAO-A. Th...more |
| T3D3033 | Isocarboxazid | 59-63-2 | Isocarboxazid works by irreversibly blocking the action of a chemical substance known as monoamin...more |
| T3D4572 | Tofisopam | 22345-47-7 | Tofisopam does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid recepto...more |
Antidepressive Agent, Second-Generation (11)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2705 | Fluvoxamine | 54739-18-3 | The exact mechanism of action of fluvoxamine has not been fully determined, but appears to be lin...more |
| T3D2715 | Citalopram | 59729-33-8 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of citalopram are presumed ...more |
| T3D2802 | Fluoxetine | 54910-89-3 | Fluoxetine is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibit...more |
| T3D2819 | Amoxapine | 14028-44-5 | Amoxapine acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT). |
| T3D2852 | Trazodone | 19794-93-5 | Trazodone binds at 5-HT2 receptor, it acts as a serotonin agonist at high doses and a serotonin a...more |
| T3D2934 | Maprotiline | 10262-69-8 | Maprotiline exerts its antidepressant action by inhibition of presynaptic uptake of catecholamine...more |
| T3D2995 | Nefazodone | 83366-66-9 | Within the serotonergic system, nefazodone acts as an antagonist at type 2 serotonin (5-HT2) post...more |
| T3D2999 | Bupropion | 34841-39-9 | Bupropion selectively inhibits the neuronal reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin; ...more |
| T3D3007 | Escitalopram | 128196-01-0 | The antidepressant, antiobsessive-compulsive, and antibulimic actions of escitalopram are presume...more |
| T3D4298 | 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan | 4350-09-8 | 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan is the immediate precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin. An accumulat...more |
| T3D4369 | L-Tryptophan | 73-22-3 | A number of important side reactions occur during the catabolism of tryptophan on the pathway to ...more |
Antidepressive Agent, Tricyclic (9)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2480 | Amitriptyline | 50-48-6 | Amitriptyline is metabolized to nortriptyline which inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and s...more |
| T3D2759 | Protriptyline | 438-60-8 | Protriptyline acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT). |
| T3D2767 | Mirtazapine | 61337-67-5 | Mirtazapine acts as an antagonist at central pre-synaptic alpha(2)-receptors, inhibiting negative...more |
| T3D2797 | Imipramine | 50-49-7 | Imipramine works by inhibiting the neuronal reuptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and ...more |
| T3D2818 | Nortriptyline | 72-69-5 | It is believed that nortriptyline either inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin ...more |
| T3D2870 | Trimipramine | 739-71-9 | Trimipramine's mechanism of action differs from other tricyclic antidepressants. Trimipramine act...more |
| T3D2993 | Doxepin | 1668-19-5 | The mechanism of action of doxepin is not completely understood. It is thought that like amitript...more |
| T3D2996 | Desipramine | 50-47-5 | Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrin...more |
| T3D3032 | Clomipramine | 303-49-1 | Clomipramine is a strong, but not completely selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI), as the...more |
Antidiabetic Agent (2)
| T3DB ID | Common name | CAS Number | Mechanism of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| T3D2477 | Insulin | 11061-68-0 | Insulin has a direct inhibitory effect on the lipase concerned with the mobilization of fattty ac...more |
| T3D3522 | 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide | 657-24-9 | Metformin's mechanisms of action differ from other classes of oral antihyperglycemic agents. Metf...more |